Article(id=1153429495836037356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153429493357203682, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241111003, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1731254400000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-11, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752928621490, onlineDateStr=2025-07-19, pubDate=1741968000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752928621490, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752928621490, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752928621490, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153429493357203682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='326', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752928620900, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1758690311058, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1177595773500932351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153429493357203682, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1177595773500932352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153429493357203682, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=255, endPage=261, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153429496276439280, articleId=1153429495836037356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Identification of Cipangopaludina and Bellamya in the meat soup package of river snail rice noodle by real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction, columnId=1151895321388347923, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Food Analysis and Detection, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To establish a method based on real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the identification of the genus Cipangopaludina and Bellamya, and identify the snail-derived ingredients in the meat soup package of river snail rice noodle. Methods Specific primers and probes were designed using mitochondrial genes from the genera Cipangopaludina and Bellamya, respectively. The effectiveness of the established real-time fluorescence PCR method was evaluated for its specificity, sensitivity and repeatability. Results The real-time fluorescence PCR identification method developed in our study exhibited strong specificity, detecting fluorescence signals only in the designated channel for the DNA of the Cipangopaludina and Bellamya, with typical amplification curves observed. No fluorescence signals were detected in the designated channel for the genomic DNA of various heterogeneous animals and plants, including aquatic products, poultry, livestock, and spice and seasoning raw materials, with no observable amplification curves. The method demonstrated sensitivity as low as 0.002 ng/μL for Cipangopaludina and 0.001 ng/μL for Bellamya. The method was employed to analyze DNA extracted from snail meat soup packets in 21 batches of prepackaged river snail rice noodle across various brands in supermarket distribution. In 7 batches of prepackaged river snail rice noodle from different brands, Cipangopaludina components were detected in the DNA of the snail meat soup packets, representing 33.3%. In 18 batches of prepackaged river snail rice noodle from different brands, Bellamya components were detected in the DNA of the snail meat soup packets, representing 85.7%. In 3 batches of prepackaged river snail rice noodle from different brands, neither Cipangopaludina and Bellamya components were detected in the DNA of the snail meat soup packets, accounting for 14.3%. In 7 batches of prepackaged river snail rice noodle from different brands, both Cipangopaludina and Bellamya components were detected in the DNA of the snail meat soup packets, representing 33.3%. Conclusion This method boasts strong specificity and high sensitivity, effectively identifying snail-derived components in snail meat soup packets of river snail rice noodle, thereby providing robust technical support for market regulation.

, correspAuthors=Jian WU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xiao-Yun HUANG, Zi-Yuan YE, Li-Jiao HUANG, Tao WEI, Jian WU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1153429532037075112, articleId=1153429495836037356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=实时荧光聚合酶链式反应法鉴定螺蛳粉螺蛳肉汤包中圆田螺和环棱螺, columnId=1151895321958773274, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=食品分析与检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 基于实时荧光聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction, PCR)法建立一套鉴定圆田螺和环棱螺的方法, 并对螺蛳粉中螺蛳肉汤包的螺源性成分进行鉴定。方法 分别以圆田螺属和环棱螺属的线粒体基因, 设计特异性引物和探针, 从方法的特异性、灵敏性和重复性考察建立的实时荧光PCR法的有效性。结果 本研究所建立的实时荧光PCR鉴定方法特异性强, 仅对圆田螺属和环棱螺属的DNA在荧光通道有荧光信号检出, 且出现典型扩增曲线, 对多种水产品、家禽家畜、香料调味料原料等异源性动植物基因组DNA在荧光通道均无荧光信号检出, 也无明显的扩增曲线; 该方法对圆田螺属的检测灵敏度低至0.002 ng/μL, 对环棱螺属的检测灵敏度低至0.001 ng/μL; 应用该方法对商场超市流通领域中的21批次不同品牌预包装螺蛳粉中的螺蛳肉汤包提取DNA进行检测。其中7批次不同品牌预包装螺蛳粉中螺蛳肉汤包的DNA检出圆田螺属成分, 占比为33.3%; 18批次不同品牌预包装螺蛳粉中螺蛳肉汤包的DNA检出环棱螺属成分, 占比为85.7%; 3批次不同品牌预包装螺蛳粉中螺蛳肉汤包的DNA均未检出圆田螺属成分和环棱螺属成分, 占比为14.3%; 7批次不同品牌预包装螺蛳粉中螺蛳肉汤包的DNA均检出圆田螺属成分和环棱螺属成分, 占比为33.3%。结论 该方法特异性强, 灵敏度高, 可有效对螺蛳粉中螺蛳肉汤包的螺源性成分进行鉴定, 为市场监管提供有力的技术支持。

, correspAuthors=巫坚, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 巫坚(1987—), 男, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全检验检测技术。E-mail:
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黄晓韵(1990—), 女, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品检验检测技术。E-mail:

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黄晓韵(1990—), 女, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品检验检测技术。E-mail:

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A kit and method for detecting the composition of snail meat in Luosifen: China, CN118166122A[P]. 2024-06-11., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1177619684867326149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=30, issue=1, pageStart=147, pageEnd=152, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=57, authorNames=黄晓韵, 杨丽玉, 巫坚, journalName=现代食品, refType=null, unstructuredReference=黄晓韵, 杨丽玉, 巫坚. 螺蛳肉汤包的DNA提取方法效果比较及优化研究[J]. 现代食品, 2024, 30(1): 147-152., articleTitle=螺蛳肉汤包的DNA提取方法效果比较及优化研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1177619684942823622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=30, issue=1, pageStart=147, pageEnd=152, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=58, authorNames=HUANG XY, YANG LY, WU J, journalName=Modern Food, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HUANG XY, YANG LY, WU J. 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Modern Food, 2024, 30(1): 147-152., articleTitle=Study on the comparison and optimization of DNA extraction methods of snail meat soup packets, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1177619685009932487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=17, pageStart=203, pageEnd=205, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=59, authorNames=解婧媛, 孙涛, 廖芳, journalName=现代食品, refType=null, unstructuredReference=解婧媛, 孙涛, 廖芳, 等. 柳州地区中华圆田螺和方形环棱螺的含肉率及营养分析[J]. 现代食品, 2021(17): 203-205., articleTitle=柳州地区中华圆田螺和方形环棱螺的含肉率及营养分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1177619685098012872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=17, pageStart=203, pageEnd=205, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=60, authorNames=XIE JY, SUN T, LIAO F, journalName=Modern Food, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIE JY, SUN T, LIAO F. et al. Meat content and nutritional analysis of Cipangopaludina cathayensis and Bellamya quadrata in Liuzhou[J]. Modern Food, 2021(17): 203-205., articleTitle=Meat content and nutritional analysis of Cipangopaludina cathayensis and Bellamya quadrata in Liuzhou, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1177619680941457547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, awardId=GXSJKJ2023-15, language=CN, fundingSource=广西壮族自治区市场监管局科技计划项目(GXSJKJ2023-15), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1177619677158195271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1177619677162389576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, companyId=1177619677158195271, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. 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注: 与横坐标平行的红色横线为阈值线, 下同。

, figureFileSmall=YBVyFcGbbdH/dXmsBWvKLg==, figureFileBig=48WVkDhNtuSkjd+/wipRnQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619679297290357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Specific detection of the identification primer and probe for Cipangopaludina, figureFileSmall=hVEouDcTq8GBLV7y7asziA==, figureFileBig=prPMXNl9ZPiJG/mep5YGaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619679376982134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=CN, label=图2, caption=圆田螺属鉴定引物探针特异性检测, figureFileSmall=hVEouDcTq8GBLV7y7asziA==, figureFileBig=prPMXNl9ZPiJG/mep5YGaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619679444090999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Specific detection of the identification primer and probe for Bellamya, figureFileSmall=L1gRd/Zt/ht2N4I2IJXafQ==, figureFileBig=2NTeb4EeNTQBpQA4BPrwCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619679502811256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=CN, label=图3, caption=环棱螺属鉴定引物探针特异性检测, figureFileSmall=L1gRd/Zt/ht2N4I2IJXafQ==, figureFileBig=2NTeb4EeNTQBpQA4BPrwCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619679586697337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Sensitivity and repeatability detection of the identification primer and probe for Cipangopaludina, figureFileSmall=5HUUNzBxp50nj1OgikxI1Q==, figureFileBig=Aks3oQ1SxpPCdobF4NVe3g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619679658000506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=CN, label=图4, caption=圆田螺属鉴定引物探针灵敏度和重复性检测, figureFileSmall=5HUUNzBxp50nj1OgikxI1Q==, figureFileBig=Aks3oQ1SxpPCdobF4NVe3g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619679716720763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Sensitivity and repeatability detection of the identification primer and probe for Bellamya, figureFileSmall=hca6MY8oc6pmPYs1qNOC8g==, figureFileBig=Um16t3HP2EQVBM4dTq9bjg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619679779635324, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=CN, label=图5, caption=环棱螺属鉴定引物探针灵敏度和重复性检测, figureFileSmall=hca6MY8oc6pmPYs1qNOC8g==, figureFileBig=Um16t3HP2EQVBM4dTq9bjg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619679838355581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Validity testing of sample DNA, figureFileSmall=9pI7s20AAdV0nGUBaTU27g==, figureFileBig=wiQC3gYFogX3e3OvxEVlyQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619679901270142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=CN, label=图6, caption=样本DNA的有效性检测

注: LSF01~LSF21分别代表21个不同品牌螺蛳粉的螺蛳肉汤包, 下同。

, figureFileSmall=9pI7s20AAdV0nGUBaTU27g==, figureFileBig=wiQC3gYFogX3e3OvxEVlyQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619679972573311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Detection of the components of Cipangopaludina from snail meat soup packets, figureFileSmall=IOO2Kk+jsKBJK/SZHgRiwQ==, figureFileBig=zRjFNaWnqHUPAvoq/bKbZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619680031293568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=CN, label=图7, caption=螺蛳肉汤包中圆田螺属成分检测, figureFileSmall=IOO2Kk+jsKBJK/SZHgRiwQ==, figureFileBig=zRjFNaWnqHUPAvoq/bKbZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619680094208129, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Detection of the components of Bellamya from snail meat soup packets, figureFileSmall=+WrncHROMdN6sOZConunkA==, figureFileBig=F6UGAyFohpUSIIVGW4CXJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619680152928386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=CN, label=图8, caption=螺蛳肉汤包中环棱螺属成分检测, figureFileSmall=+WrncHROMdN6sOZConunkA==, figureFileBig=F6UGAyFohpUSIIVGW4CXJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619680211648643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Primer and probe sequences

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 引物探针名称 碱基序列 扩增片段
长度/bp
序列所在
基因名称
1 YTL-F 5'-GTTTTGTTTA
ATTATAGTGA-3'
78 线粒体trnF
基因
2 YTL-R 5'-ATGCTCTACT
CTCAACTT-3'
3 YTL-P 5'FAM-TTGTTGGT
AATTAAT-3’TAMRA
4 HLL-F 5'-ATAAGTCGT
AACATAGTAA-3'
67 线粒体trnV
基因
5 HLL-R 5'-ACATTACA
TTTTATGTTA-3'
6 HLL-P 5'FAM-TCTTCCT
AAGGACAA-3’MGB
), ArticleFig(id=1177619680337477764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

引物和探针序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 引物探针名称 碱基序列 扩增片段
长度/bp
序列所在
基因名称
1 YTL-F 5'-GTTTTGTTTA
ATTATAGTGA-3'
78 线粒体trnF
基因
2 YTL-R 5'-ATGCTCTACT
CTCAACTT-3'
3 YTL-P 5'FAM-TTGTTGGT
AATTAAT-3’TAMRA
4 HLL-F 5'-ATAAGTCGT
AACATAGTAA-3'
67 线粒体trnV
基因
5 HLL-R 5'-ACATTACA
TTTTATGTTA-3'
6 HLL-P 5'FAM-TCTTCCT
AAGGACAA-3’MGB
), ArticleFig(id=1177619680404586629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Reaction system for real-time PCR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试剂名称 工作液浓度 加样量/μL 终浓度
反应预混液 12.50
上游引物 10 μmol/L 0.50 200 nmol/L
下游引物 10 μmol/L 0.50 200 nmol/L
探针P 10 μmol/L 0.50 200 nmol/L
ROX 50× 0.25 0.5×
DNA模板 10~100 ng/L 2.00 -
ddH2O - 8.75 -
), ArticleFig(id=1177619680471695494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

实时荧光PCR反应体系

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试剂名称 工作液浓度 加样量/μL 终浓度
反应预混液 12.50
上游引物 10 μmol/L 0.50 200 nmol/L
下游引物 10 μmol/L 0.50 200 nmol/L
探针P 10 μmol/L 0.50 200 nmol/L
ROX 50× 0.25 0.5×
DNA模板 10~100 ng/L 2.00 -
ddH2O - 8.75 -
), ArticleFig(id=1177619680534610055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Repetitive tests on identification primer probes for Cipangopaludina

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DNA质量浓度/(ng/μL) Ct值平均值 变异系数/%
20.000 22.473 0.226
2.000 25.687 0.109
0.200 29.404 0.216
0.020 32.586 0.970
0.002 35.568 0.562
), ArticleFig(id=1177619680601718920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

圆田螺属鉴定引物探针的重复性实验

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DNA质量浓度/(ng/μL) Ct值平均值 变异系数/%
20.000 22.473 0.226
2.000 25.687 0.109
0.200 29.404 0.216
0.020 32.586 0.970
0.002 35.568 0.562
), ArticleFig(id=1177619680668827785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Repetitive tests on identification primer probes for Bellamya

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DNA质量浓度(ng/μL) Ct值平均值 变异系数/%
10.000 21.447 0.788
1.000 24.832 0.286
0.100 28.555 0.356
0.010 31.832 0.151
0.001 35.157 0.904
), ArticleFig(id=1177619680740130954, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429495836037356, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

圆田螺属鉴定引物探针的重复性实验

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DNA质量浓度(ng/μL) Ct值平均值 变异系数/%
10.000 21.447 0.788
1.000 24.832 0.286
0.100 28.555 0.356
0.010 31.832 0.151
0.001 35.157 0.904
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实时荧光聚合酶链式反应法鉴定螺蛳粉螺蛳肉汤包中圆田螺和环棱螺
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黄晓韵 1, 2 , 叶子园 1, 2 , 黄丽姣 1, 2 , 韦涛 1, 2 , 巫坚 1, 2, *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025,16(5): 255-261
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025, 16(5): 255-261
实时荧光聚合酶链式反应法鉴定螺蛳粉螺蛳肉汤包中圆田螺和环棱螺
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黄晓韵1, 2 , 叶子园1, 2, 黄丽姣1, 2, 韦涛1, 2, 巫坚1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1.广西—东盟食品检验检测中心, 南宁 530029
  • 2.国家市场监督管理总局技术创新中心(天然香料香精), 南宁 530029
  • 黄晓韵(1990—), 女, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品检验检测技术。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 巫坚(1987—), 男, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全检验检测技术。E-mail:
Identification of Cipangopaludina and Bellamya in the meat soup package of river snail rice noodle by real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction
Xiao-Yun HUANG1, 2 , Zi-Yuan YE1, 2, Li-Jiao HUANG1, 2, Tao WEI1, 2, Jian WU1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1. Guangxi-Asean Food Inspection Center, Nanning 530029, China
  • 2. Technology Innovation Center of Natural Fragrances and Flavors, State Administration for Market Regulation, Nanning 530029, China
出版时间: 2025-03-15 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241111003
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目的 基于实时荧光聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction, PCR)法建立一套鉴定圆田螺和环棱螺的方法, 并对螺蛳粉中螺蛳肉汤包的螺源性成分进行鉴定。方法 分别以圆田螺属和环棱螺属的线粒体基因, 设计特异性引物和探针, 从方法的特异性、灵敏性和重复性考察建立的实时荧光PCR法的有效性。结果 本研究所建立的实时荧光PCR鉴定方法特异性强, 仅对圆田螺属和环棱螺属的DNA在荧光通道有荧光信号检出, 且出现典型扩增曲线, 对多种水产品、家禽家畜、香料调味料原料等异源性动植物基因组DNA在荧光通道均无荧光信号检出, 也无明显的扩增曲线; 该方法对圆田螺属的检测灵敏度低至0.002 ng/μL, 对环棱螺属的检测灵敏度低至0.001 ng/μL; 应用该方法对商场超市流通领域中的21批次不同品牌预包装螺蛳粉中的螺蛳肉汤包提取DNA进行检测。其中7批次不同品牌预包装螺蛳粉中螺蛳肉汤包的DNA检出圆田螺属成分, 占比为33.3%; 18批次不同品牌预包装螺蛳粉中螺蛳肉汤包的DNA检出环棱螺属成分, 占比为85.7%; 3批次不同品牌预包装螺蛳粉中螺蛳肉汤包的DNA均未检出圆田螺属成分和环棱螺属成分, 占比为14.3%; 7批次不同品牌预包装螺蛳粉中螺蛳肉汤包的DNA均检出圆田螺属成分和环棱螺属成分, 占比为33.3%。结论 该方法特异性强, 灵敏度高, 可有效对螺蛳粉中螺蛳肉汤包的螺源性成分进行鉴定, 为市场监管提供有力的技术支持。

圆田螺属  /  环棱螺属  /  螺蛳粉  /  实时荧光聚合酶链式反应法

Objective To establish a method based on real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the identification of the genus Cipangopaludina and Bellamya, and identify the snail-derived ingredients in the meat soup package of river snail rice noodle. Methods Specific primers and probes were designed using mitochondrial genes from the genera Cipangopaludina and Bellamya, respectively. The effectiveness of the established real-time fluorescence PCR method was evaluated for its specificity, sensitivity and repeatability. Results The real-time fluorescence PCR identification method developed in our study exhibited strong specificity, detecting fluorescence signals only in the designated channel for the DNA of the Cipangopaludina and Bellamya, with typical amplification curves observed. No fluorescence signals were detected in the designated channel for the genomic DNA of various heterogeneous animals and plants, including aquatic products, poultry, livestock, and spice and seasoning raw materials, with no observable amplification curves. The method demonstrated sensitivity as low as 0.002 ng/μL for Cipangopaludina and 0.001 ng/μL for Bellamya. The method was employed to analyze DNA extracted from snail meat soup packets in 21 batches of prepackaged river snail rice noodle across various brands in supermarket distribution. In 7 batches of prepackaged river snail rice noodle from different brands, Cipangopaludina components were detected in the DNA of the snail meat soup packets, representing 33.3%. In 18 batches of prepackaged river snail rice noodle from different brands, Bellamya components were detected in the DNA of the snail meat soup packets, representing 85.7%. In 3 batches of prepackaged river snail rice noodle from different brands, neither Cipangopaludina and Bellamya components were detected in the DNA of the snail meat soup packets, accounting for 14.3%. In 7 batches of prepackaged river snail rice noodle from different brands, both Cipangopaludina and Bellamya components were detected in the DNA of the snail meat soup packets, representing 33.3%. Conclusion This method boasts strong specificity and high sensitivity, effectively identifying snail-derived components in snail meat soup packets of river snail rice noodle, thereby providing robust technical support for market regulation.

Cipangopaludina  /  Bellamya  /  river snail rice noodle  /  real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction
黄晓韵, 叶子园, 黄丽姣, 韦涛, 巫坚. 实时荧光聚合酶链式反应法鉴定螺蛳粉螺蛳肉汤包中圆田螺和环棱螺. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (5) : 255 -261 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241111003
Xiao-Yun HUANG, Zi-Yuan YE, Li-Jiao HUANG, Tao WEI, Jian WU. Identification of Cipangopaludina and Bellamya in the meat soup package of river snail rice noodle by real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (5) : 255 -261 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241111003
人类捕捞利用淡水螺的历史悠久, 有研究表明, 广西地区对淡水螺的捕捞食用利用史可追溯至史前人类的旧石器时代时期[1-6]。淡水螺不但在中药上具有疗效作用, 肉质鲜美, 营养丰富, 风味独特, 还可作为禽畜饲料[7-8], 甚至是人们口中的水产美食。淡水螺种类繁多, 外壳形态多有相似, 但并不是所有淡水螺适合食用, 误认误食往往存在较大风险。例如, 和圆田螺(Cipangopaludina)比较相似的福寿螺(Pomacea canaliculata)[9-12], 是传播广州管圆线虫病的主要中间宿主[13-16]。截至目前, 螺类的鉴别主要还是依靠传统形态学进行鉴定[17-22], 但该方法比较局限于螺生长的特定阶段, 且要求个体保持完整, 对经过深加工后无法完成鉴定。
在我国, 以圆田螺和环棱螺(Bellamya)为代表的淡水螺分布范围广泛。在广西柳州, 螺蛳粉成为了家喻户晓的地方特色美食名片。柳州螺蛳粉得益于螺蛳肉熬制的汤料, 而具有独特的“鲜”味, 其中, 螺蛳肉汤料主要成分就是以圆田螺和环棱螺为主要原材料。在类似柳州螺蛳粉的螺蛳肉汤包这种深加工类别食品中, 无法通过直观的形态学去分辨添加螺肉的具体种类。螺蛳肉汤包中成分复杂, 包含了螺肉、禽畜肉、香料等材料, 且内容物经粉碎过筛。在食品安全监测和市场监管中急需一种准确、快速、灵敏的鉴定方法来鉴别添加螺肉种类。分子生物学方法在物种鉴定、食品掺伪等领域具有独特优势且应用广泛[23-25]。实时荧光聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction, PCR)法是一种基于核酸物质鉴定物种源性成分的分子生物学方法, 具有特异性高、检出限低、简单快速的特点[26-27]。分子生物学检测方法应用在圆田螺和环棱螺鉴定的研究应用比较少, 多应用在种群的遗传性分析方面[28-29]。一方面可能是因为这两种淡水螺在传统形态学鉴定方法比较成熟, 另一方面可能是因为它们都非有害淡水螺。但随着柳州螺蛳粉产业的发展, 带动了这两种淡水螺的养殖和供销等问题的研究。同时, 柳州螺蛳粉行业的发展, 在食品安全以及高质量发展方面也受到人们越来越多的关注。此时, 面对多深加工产品, 传统的形态学方法无法发挥优势。因此, 王炬光等[30]和胡江如等[31]利用分子生物学方法中的普通PCR法, 分别研究了环棱螺和圆田螺的鉴定方法。但是普通PCR方法需通过电泳、凝胶成像观察结果, 存在实验耗时较长的缺点。邓婷婷等[32]利用16S rRNA基因, 设计了特异性的引物探针, 完成对螺蛳粉中螺肉成分的鉴定, 但是该方法无法明确区分螺肉成分的具体种类。
本研究拟基于实时荧光PCR法建立一套针对螺蛳粉螺蛳肉汤包中圆田螺和环棱螺的鉴定方法, 通过提取螺蛳肉汤包中有效的核酸物质, 寻找关键基因序列并设计特异性引物探针, 通过特异性、灵敏度等实验优化检测体系和程序, 并对生产企业所用的螺肉种类进行分析, 为市场监管提供数据, 提高螺蛳粉行业高质量发展。
在南宁市农贸交易市场购买圆田螺、环棱螺、福寿螺、白蛤、大车螺、花蛤、油蛤、鸡肉、鸭肉、鱼肉、牦牛肉、黄牛肉、水牛肉、山羊肉、猪肉、马肉、八角、茴香、大豆; 在南宁市当地商场超市购买21批次不同生产企业预包装螺蛳粉的螺蛳肉汤料包。
十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、三氨基甲烷、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙酸钠、苯酚、核酸抽提液(分析纯, 北京索莱宝科技有限公司); 氯化钠、氢氧化钠、盐酸、异丙醇、无水乙醇、三氯甲烷(氯仿)(分析纯, 上海沪试实验室器材股份有限公司); 食品DNA提取试剂盒[德国凯杰(QIAGEN)公司]; 荧光PCR试剂盒[天根生化科技(北京)有限公司]。
Lab Dancer涡旋混合仪(德国艾卡公司); OSE-DB-03型恒温震荡金属浴、OSE-260-01TGem Plus型全波长微量分光光度计[天根生化科技(北京)有限公司]; 3K15型离心机(德国希格玛公司); MINIP-2500型微孔离线机(杭州米欧仪器有限公司); MIKPO185型小型离心机(德国赫提驰科学仪器公司); DLAB D1008E型掌上离心机[大龙兴创实验仪器(北京)股份公司]; Applied Biosystems™ QuantStudio 5实时荧光定量PCR仪(美国应用生物系统公司)。
按照QIAGEN食品DNA提取试剂盒对各个样本进行DNA提取, 并使用全波长微量分光光度计对所提到的DNA进行纯度和浓度的测定, -20 ℃保存备用。
从Genbank上搜索圆田螺属(中华圆田螺和中国圆田螺)、螺蛳属、福寿螺(瓶螺属)以及河螺属等物种的线粒体全基因组序列, 通过基本局部对齐搜索工具(basic local alignment search tool, BLAST)分析比对, 根据实时荧光PCR引物探针设计原则、利用核酸技术与信息学(nucleic acid technology and informatics, NTI)软件中引物设计模块设计特异性引物和探针, 如表1
实时荧光PCR反应体系的配制见表2
两步法反应程序: 95 ℃预变性15 min; 95 ℃变性5 s, 48 ℃退火/延伸30 s, 40个循环。
用1.3.1中的DNA提取方法, 对1.1中的圆田螺、环棱螺、福寿螺、白蛤、大车螺、花蛤、油蛤、鸡肉、鸭肉、鱼肉、牦牛肉、黄牛肉、水牛肉、山羊肉、猪肉、马肉、八角、茴香、大豆样本进行基因组DNA提取, 并测定其纯度和浓度, A260/A280比值宜在1.6~2.1之间。
为保证DNA模板的有效性, 按照GB/T 38164—2019《常见畜禽动物源性成分检测方法 实时荧光PCR法》中的真核生物18S rRNA基因内参引物、探针, 以及上机体系和程序进行检测。所有样本的DNA检测荧光通道有荧光信号检出, 且出现典型的扩增曲线, 循环阈(cycle threshold, Ct)值<30.0。
按照1.3.3的实时荧光PCR反应体系, 分别用引物探针YTL-FYTL-RYTL-PHLL-FHLL-RHLL-P对所提到的样本DNA进行实时荧光PCR扩增, 同时用ddH2O作为空白对照, 检测建立的实时荧光PCR方法的特异性。
分别将圆田螺和环棱螺样本的基因组DNA进行梯度稀释, 圆田螺样本的基因组DNA梯度稀释至质量浓度为20.000、2.000、0.200、0.020、0.002 ng/μL, 环棱螺样本的基因组DNA梯度稀释至质量浓度为10.000、1.000、0.100、0.010、0.001 ng/μL, 每个稀释度3个平行, 进行实时荧光PCR检测, 确定建立方法的灵敏度, 同时通过平均值和变异系数考察其重复性。
从流通领域的商场超市购买各品牌预包装螺蛳粉, 对其中的螺蛳肉汤包进行DNA提取[33], 并分别命名为LSF01~LSF21按照GB/T 38164—2019中的18S rRNA基因内参引物、探针, 以及上机体系和程序进行检测验证样本DNA的有效性, 用以上建立的实时荧光PCR方法分别检测是否含有圆田螺和环棱螺成分。
使用NTI 10.0软件设计探针引物, 采用Microsoft Excel 2010绘制表格, 采用Applied Biosystems™ QuantStudio 5实时荧光定量PCR仪进行图谱生成和判读。
经用真核生物18S rRNA基因内参引物、探针上机扩增检测, 所提取到的样本DNA均有荧光信号, 出现典型的扩增线, 且14.0<Ct值<18.0, 表明样本DNA均是有效的, 适用于下一步的实时荧光PCR检出实验(图1)。
圆田螺属的引物和探针的特异性实验结果表明, 以环棱螺等其他异源性动植物的样本DNA作为阴性对照均没有检测到扩增的荧光信号(图2); 环棱螺属引物和探针的特异性实验结果表明, 圆田螺等其他异源性动植物的样本DNA作为阴性对照均没有检测到扩增的荧光信号(图3); 说明建立的实时荧光PCR检测方法特异性良好。
将圆田螺的DNA梯度稀释至0.002 ng/μL进行灵敏度实验, 结果显示, 出现典型的扩增曲线, 该方法对圆田螺属的基因组DNA检出限低至0.002 ng/μL(图4)。5个稀释梯度, 每个稀释梯度进行的3个平行实验结果显示, 变异系数在0.109%~0.970%, 说明建立的实时荧光PCR检测方法有较好的重复性(表3)。
将环棱螺的DNA梯度稀释至0.0021 ng/μL进行灵敏度实验, 结果显示, 出现典型的扩增曲线, 该方法对圆田螺属的基因组DNA检出限低至0.001 ng/μL(图5)。5个稀释梯度, 每个稀释梯度进行的3个平行实验结果显示, 变异系数在0.151%~0.904%, 说明建立的实时荧光PCR检测方法有较好的重复性(表4)。
经用真核生物18S rRNA基因内参引物、探针上机扩增检测, 从21个不同品牌螺蛳粉的螺蛳肉汤包中提取得到的DNA均有荧光信号, 出现典型的扩增曲线, 且Ct值<30.0, 表明样本DNA均是有效的, 适用于下一步的实时荧光PCR检出实验(图6)。
用建立的圆田螺属鉴定方法检测, 结果显示21批次不同品牌预包装螺蛳粉中, 7批次的螺蛳肉汤包检出圆田螺属成分(图7)
用建立的环棱螺螺属鉴定方法检测, 结果显示21批次不同品牌预包装螺蛳粉中, 18批次的螺蛳肉汤包检出环棱螺属成分(图8)。
对21批次不同品牌预包装螺蛳粉中的螺蛳肉汤包检测结果显示: 其中7批次检出圆田螺属成分, 占比为33.3%; 18批次检出环棱螺属成分, 占比为85.7%; 3批次均未检出圆田螺属成分和环棱螺属成分, 占比为14.3%; 7批次检出圆田螺属成分和环棱螺属成分, 占比为33.3%。
目前, 柳州螺蛳粉中螺蛳肉汤包的螺蛳种类主要是圆田螺属和环棱螺属, 但尚未见这两种淡水螺在生产行业中的应用比例数据报道。从本研究的结果显示, 螺蛳粉生产企业中有85.7%使用了环棱螺属, 使用圆田螺属的生产企业仅占33.3%。这可能与这两种淡水螺的营养成分有关, 解婧媛等[34]对这两种淡水螺的营养成分分析表明, 环棱螺属的总氨基酸含量, 特别是谷氨酸的含量要高于圆田螺属, 而柳州螺蛳粉的“鲜”味主要就是来源所用螺肉熬制。有部分生产企业的螺蛳肉汤包中检出圆田螺属成分, 不排除可能在养殖过程中混入的原因。本研究利用圆田螺属和环棱螺属的特异性性基因, 分别设计了引物探针, 成功建立了鉴定方法, 并对商场超市内流通的不同生产企业的螺蛳粉中螺蛳肉汤包鉴定了圆田螺属和环棱螺属成分, 发现有33.3%检出圆田螺属成分, 有85.7%检出了环棱螺属成分, 有33.3%均检出圆田螺属成分和环棱螺属成分, 而有14.3%既未检出圆田螺属成分, 也未检出环棱螺属成分。这为市场监管提供了技术支持, 同时为螺蛳粉行业的高质量发展决策和方向提供可靠数据支撑。
  • 广西壮族自治区市场监管局科技计划项目(GXSJKJ2023-15)
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241111003
  • 接收时间:2024-11-11
  • 首发时间:2025-07-19
  • 出版时间:2025-03-15
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-11
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广西壮族自治区市场监管局科技计划项目(GXSJKJ2023-15)
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    1.广西—东盟食品检验检测中心, 南宁 530029
    2.国家市场监督管理总局技术创新中心(天然香料香精), 南宁 530029

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* 巫坚(1987—), 男, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全检验检测技术。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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