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Article(id=1153986789636301360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986777279877909, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240823001, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1724342400000, receivedDateStr=2024-08-23, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753061490687, onlineDateStr=2025-07-21, pubDate=1736870400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753061490687, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753061490687, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753061490687, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153986777279877909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='320', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753061487741, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757901302572, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1174286432060453412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986777279877909, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1174286432060453413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986777279877909, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=308, endPage=313, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153986790554853940, articleId=1153986789636301360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Quick detection of chromium (VI) content in drinking water based on paper-based microfluidic chip, columnId=1151895321388347923, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Food Analysis and Detection, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To construct a method for rapid detection of chromium (VI) in drinking water on a paper-based microfluidic chip. Methods The paper chips were manufactured by directly drawing on filter paper with a modified gel pen filled with alkylketene dimmer solution and then dried. The chromium (VI) was detected on the paper chips. Parameters influencing the chromium (VI) determination were investigated, including concentration of sulfuric acid solution and diphenyl carbamide solution, reaction time, and temperature. Results In this study, the linear range of chromium detection was 0~0.20 mg/L, the detection limit was 0.0036 mg/L, and the recovery rate was 97.7%~109.0%. It had wide linear range, high sensitivity and good repeatability. Conclusion The method has the advantages of simple operation and the accurate detection result, does not require expensive and complex large instruments, and has adaptability to simultaneous detection of multiple samples and on-site real-time detection.

, correspAuthors=Tian-Tian ZHAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Tian-Tian ZHAO, Dong MU, Wei JIANG, Yu-Hua SUN, Fu-Qing YAN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1153986823148790465, articleId=1153986789636301360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=基于纸基微流控芯片快速检测饮用水中铬(VI)含量, columnId=1151895321958773274, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=食品分析与检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 建立一种可以在纸基微流控芯片上快速检测饮用水中铬(VI)的方法。方法 将普通中性笔进行改装, 在笔芯中灌注烷基烯酮二聚体溶液, 然后利用在滤纸上直接绘制的方法制作纸芯片, 干燥后在此纸芯片上检测铬(VI)。实验优化了硫酸溶液浓度、二苯碳酰二肼浓度、反应温度、反应时间等参数。结果 本研究检测铬的线性范围为0~0.20 mg/L, 检出限为0.0036 mg/L, 加标回收率为97.7%~109.0%。其线性范围宽, 灵敏度高, 重复性好。结论 该方法操作简单、结果准确, 不需要昂贵复杂的大型仪器, 对于多样品的同时检测及现场即时检测具有适应性。

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*赵甜甜(1990—), 男, 硕士, 中级工程师, 主要研究方向为食品和食品包装材料的安全检测。E-mail:
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赵甜甜(1990—), 男, 硕士, 中级工程师, 主要研究方向为食品和食品包装材料的安全检测。E-mail:

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赵甜甜(1990—), 男, 硕士, 中级工程师, 主要研究方向为食品和食品包装材料的安全检测。E-mail:

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Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis (Part B: Chemical Analysis), 2003, 39(6): 362-364., articleTitle=Photometric determination of chromium (Ⅵ) in water with diphenylcarbazide, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1174369770523738143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1174369770540515360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, companyId=1174369770523738143, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Weifang Product Quality Inspection Research Institute, Weifang 261035, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1174369770548903969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, companyId=1174369770523738143, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=潍坊市产品质量检验研究院, 潍坊 261035)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1174369772201459800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Effects of concentration of diphenyl carbamide solution on detection of chromium (VI) (n=3), figureFileSmall=uLVJGk5Skf4r1Anx/3heAQ==, figureFileBig=x2lAs8AvqJ51ySLoSP1/cg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174369772272762970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, language=CN, label=图1, caption=二苯碳酰二肼浓度对铬(VI)检测的影响(n=3), figureFileSmall=uLVJGk5Skf4r1Anx/3heAQ==, figureFileBig=x2lAs8AvqJ51ySLoSP1/cg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174369772323094620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Effects of concentration of sulfuric acid solution on detection of chromium (VI) (n=3), figureFileSmall=8syg62S3EKLbo29HguJ7pg==, figureFileBig=CqaWMo05RAaQT+bsXxibig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174369772386009182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, language=CN, label=图2, caption=硫酸溶液浓度对铬(VI)检测的影响(n=3), figureFileSmall=8syg62S3EKLbo29HguJ7pg==, figureFileBig=CqaWMo05RAaQT+bsXxibig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174369772465700960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effects of reaction time on detection of chromium (VI) (n=3), figureFileSmall=irMSY1St3jrMIXa74zyzyA==, figureFileBig=Op4sDOTFYEkf4oSoxDXRTQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174369772532809826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, language=CN, label=图3, caption=反应时间对铬(VI)检测的影响(n=3), figureFileSmall=irMSY1St3jrMIXa74zyzyA==, figureFileBig=Op4sDOTFYEkf4oSoxDXRTQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174369772604112996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Effects of reaction temperature on detection of chromium (VI) (n=3), figureFileSmall=IjPVjuN/Ulj9VnDxmqShpw==, figureFileBig=8hFNaQ4P+i98G3RMB7NcFQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174369772679610470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, language=CN, label=图4, caption=反应温度对铬(VI)检测的影响(n=3), figureFileSmall=IjPVjuN/Ulj9VnDxmqShpw==, figureFileBig=8hFNaQ4P+i98G3RMB7NcFQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174369772750913640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Results of colorimetric assay of chromium (VI) on paper-based microfluidic chips and the calibration curve (n=3), figureFileSmall=1PDbz9iOfsUxB30x7aPQRA==, figureFileBig=nIRw2lXCkIOnYaGNNvzVLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174369772805439593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, language=CN, label=图5, caption=铬(VI)在纸芯片上的检测结果及标准曲线(n=3)

注: 实物图中, 相同浓度的检测结果在纸芯片上呈现出的颜色均一致, 所以灰度值是一样的。

, figureFileSmall=1PDbz9iOfsUxB30x7aPQRA==, figureFileBig=nIRw2lXCkIOnYaGNNvzVLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174369772880937067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Test results of actual samples on paper chip and spectrophotometer (mg/L, n=3)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品 纸芯片测定结果
 分光光度法测定结果
1# <0.0036 <0.004
2# <0.0036 <0.004
), ArticleFig(id=1174369772939657325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

实际样品在纸芯片和分光光度计的检测结果(mg/L, n=3)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品 纸芯片测定结果
 分光光度法测定结果
1# <0.0036 <0.004
2# <0.0036 <0.004
), ArticleFig(id=1174369773061292143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Recovery with different concentration of chromium (VI) standard solution (n=3)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品/(mg/L) 添加量
/(mg/L)		 测定结果
/(mg/L)		 回收率
/%		 RSD
/%
0.08 0.02 0.109 109.0 1.0
0.08 0.04 0.116 97.7 1.2
0.08 0.06 0.146 104.3 1.1
), ArticleFig(id=1174369773208092786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986789636301360, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

添加不同浓度的铬(VI)标准溶液的回收率(n=3)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品/(mg/L) 添加量
/(mg/L)		 测定结果
/(mg/L)		 回收率
/%		 RSD
/%
0.08 0.02 0.109 109.0 1.0
0.08 0.04 0.116 97.7 1.2
0.08 0.06 0.146 104.3 1.1
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基于纸基微流控芯片快速检测饮用水中铬(VI)含量
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赵甜甜 * , 牟冬 , 姜薇 , 孙玉华 , 闫福青
食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025,16(1): 308-313
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025, 16(1): 308-313
基于纸基微流控芯片快速检测饮用水中铬(VI)含量
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赵甜甜* , 牟冬, 姜薇, 孙玉华, 闫福青
作者信息
  • 潍坊市产品质量检验研究院, 潍坊 261035

    • 赵甜甜(1990—), 男, 硕士, 中级工程师, 主要研究方向为食品和食品包装材料的安全检测。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*赵甜甜(1990—), 男, 硕士, 中级工程师, 主要研究方向为食品和食品包装材料的安全检测。E-mail:
Quick detection of chromium (VI) content in drinking water based on paper-based microfluidic chip
Tian-Tian ZHAO* , Dong MU, Wei JIANG, Yu-Hua SUN, Fu-Qing YAN
Affiliations
  • Weifang Product Quality Inspection Research Institute, Weifang 261035, China
出版时间: 2025-01-15 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240823001
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摘要
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目的 建立一种可以在纸基微流控芯片上快速检测饮用水中铬(VI)的方法。方法 将普通中性笔进行改装, 在笔芯中灌注烷基烯酮二聚体溶液, 然后利用在滤纸上直接绘制的方法制作纸芯片, 干燥后在此纸芯片上检测铬(VI)。实验优化了硫酸溶液浓度、二苯碳酰二肼浓度、反应温度、反应时间等参数。结果 本研究检测铬的线性范围为0~0.20 mg/L, 检出限为0.0036 mg/L, 加标回收率为97.7%~109.0%。其线性范围宽, 灵敏度高, 重复性好。结论 该方法操作简单、结果准确, 不需要昂贵复杂的大型仪器, 对于多样品的同时检测及现场即时检测具有适应性。

纸芯片  /  铬(VI)  /  饮用水

Objective To construct a method for rapid detection of chromium (VI) in drinking water on a paper-based microfluidic chip. Methods The paper chips were manufactured by directly drawing on filter paper with a modified gel pen filled with alkylketene dimmer solution and then dried. The chromium (VI) was detected on the paper chips. Parameters influencing the chromium (VI) determination were investigated, including concentration of sulfuric acid solution and diphenyl carbamide solution, reaction time, and temperature. Results In this study, the linear range of chromium detection was 0~0.20 mg/L, the detection limit was 0.0036 mg/L, and the recovery rate was 97.7%~109.0%. It had wide linear range, high sensitivity and good repeatability. Conclusion The method has the advantages of simple operation and the accurate detection result, does not require expensive and complex large instruments, and has adaptability to simultaneous detection of multiple samples and on-site real-time detection.

paper-based microfluidic chips  /  chromium (VI)  /  drinking water
赵甜甜, 牟冬, 姜薇, 孙玉华, 闫福青. 基于纸基微流控芯片快速检测饮用水中铬(VI)含量. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (1) : 308 -313 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240823001
Tian-Tian ZHAO, Dong MU, Wei JIANG, Yu-Hua SUN, Fu-Qing YAN. Quick detection of chromium (VI) content in drinking water based on paper-based microfluidic chip[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (1) : 308 -313 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240823001
正文
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0 引言
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饮用水是人类生存不可或缺的资源, 但是随着工业化的发展, 水质的安全面临着巨大挑战, 其中重金属铬污染的现象愈发严峻, 在2017年世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构公布的致癌物清单中, 六价铬是一类致癌物。传统的铬(VI)检测方法包括质谱法[1-5]、光谱法[6-8]、分光光度法[9-11]、离子色谱法[12-14]等, 在这些方法中, 质谱法、光谱法和离子色谱法均需要大型昂贵的仪器, 且操作过程复杂, 耗时较长, 限制了这些方法的应用。而分光光度法受限于分光光度计的样品室, 不能实现多样品的同时检测, 在检测大量样品时, 长时间的放置会导致反应后的结果不稳定, 使数据失真。
纸芯片是微流控芯片的一种, 其以纸为基底, 具有制作成本低廉, 结构简单, 方便操作, 以及与其他化学或生物检测物具有很好的兼容性等优点, 目前在医学诊断[15-21]环境检测[22-25]以及食品质量控制[26-30]等领域得到了广泛应用。本研究以改装的普通中性笔为基础, 在笔芯中灌注疏水溶液, 然后在滤纸上直接绘制纸芯片, 以此纸芯片作为检测平台, 基于在酸性条件下, 样品中的铬(VI)会和二苯碳酰二肼反应生成紫红色络合物, 颜色深浅与铬(VI)浓度成正比的原理, 建立以绘图法制作的纸芯片为平台的饮用水中铬(VI)的检测方法。通过本研究以期能有效解决大型仪器对实验环境的要求和样品放置时间过长导致结果失真的问题。
1 材料与方法
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1.1 试剂与仪器
硫酸、正庚烷、丙酮(分析纯, 天津市科密欧化学试剂有限公司); 重铬酸钾(分析纯, 天津博迪化工股份有限公司); 凡士林(天津博迪化工股份有限公司); 二苯碳酰二肼(分析纯, 成都艾科达化学试剂有限公司); 烷基烯酮二聚体(山东旺升新材料科技有限公司); 超纯水(18 MΩ·cm), 所有的试剂均为现用现配。
FBZ6001-UP标准试剂型纯水机(青岛富勒姆科技有限公司); GZX-GF101-2-BS-II烘箱(上海贺德实验设备有限公司); HD-E702-100B恒温恒湿试验箱(广东海达仪器有限公司); 723PC型可见分光光度计(上海舜宇恒平科学仪器有限公司); KQ-500DE型数控超声波清洗器(昆山市超声仪器有限公司); 9XPRO华为手机(华为技术有限公司); 绘图模板(济阳市宇一文具店); Whatman1#定性滤纸(英国沃特曼公司)。
1.2 实验方法
1.2.1 纸芯片的制作
取一支普通的中性笔, 取下笔头后移除里面的墨水, 然后再装上笔头, 最后将笔芯截断保留笔尖以上2 cm部分, 以便在其中灌注疏水性溶液。将0.1 g凡士林和1.0 g烷基烯酮二聚体加入到12.5 mL正庚烷中, 经超声溶解后, 将此混合液作为疏水性溶液。用注射器吸取0.1 mL疏水性溶液灌注到改装的笔中, 以直径10 mm的孔板为模具, 在Whatman#1滤纸上直接绘制圆形图案, 于100 ℃下烘干2 min。
1.2.2 二苯碳酰二肼丙酮溶液的配制
称取0.2423 g二苯碳酰二肼于棕色容量瓶中, 用丙酮定容至100 mL刻度线处, 得到0.01 mol/L的二苯碳酰二肼丙酮溶液。使用时, 用丙酮将其稀释成0.1、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0 mmol/L的二苯碳酰二肼丙酮溶液。
1.2.3 铬(VI)标准溶液的配制
称取0.1414 g经105 ℃烘至恒量的重铬酸钾, 溶于纯水中, 并于容量瓶中用纯水定容至500 mL。吸取此溶液10.0 mL于容量瓶中, 用纯水定容至1000 mL, 得到1.0 mg/L的铬(VI)储备液。使用时, 分别用超纯水将其稀释成0、0.004、0.010、0.020、0.040、0.080、0.160、0.200 mg/L的铬(VI)标准溶液。
1.2.4 硫酸溶液的配制
将5.4 mL硫酸(ρ=1.84 g/mL)缓慢加入到100 mL纯水中, 得到1.0 mol/L的硫酸溶液。使用时, 用超纯水将其稀释成0.05、0.10、0.20、0.30、0.40 mol/L的硫酸溶液。
1.2.5 铬(VI)的检测方法
(1)铬(VI)检测原理
在酸性溶液中, 铬(VI)可与二苯碳酰二肼作用, 生成紫红色络合物, 反应过程中颜色变化程度与铬(VI)含量成正比[31]。
(2)铬(VI)的检测方法
先用移液器分别吸取2 μL二苯碳酰二肼硫酸溶液和硫酸溶液于纸芯片上, 然后分别吸取2 μL不同浓度的铬(VI)标准溶液, 滴加在纸芯片上, 检测区域迅速变为紫红色并趋于稳定, 然后用手机拍照, 照片用ImageJ (x64)软件处理, 得到灰度值(颜色越深, 灰度值越小)。以铬(VI)溶液浓度为横坐标, 以灰度值为纵坐标, 绘制标准曲线。
1.3 数据处理
反应结束后将检测区域用手机拍照, 照片用Image J (x64)软件提取灰度值, 用Origin 8.5软件处理数据和绘制相关表格, 所有的实验结果均重复3次, 相对标准偏差均小于10%。
2 结果与分析
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2.1 疏水溶液对纸芯片制作的影响
纸芯片的疏水边界是由疏水溶质渗透整张纸后固化形成的, 实验选用造纸工业常用的施胶剂烷基烯酮二聚体作为疏水溶质, 取0.5 g溶解在10 mL正庚烷中, 超声2 min使烷基烯酮二聚体全部溶解, 得到疏水溶液。由于正庚烷黏度较小, 在纸上的扩散速率较快, 导致疏水溶质不能完全渗透整张纸, 使疏水边界不能很好的将实验限制在反应区域内。因此在疏水溶液中加入了凡士林(0.1 g/10 mL)以增加溶液黏度, 降低了疏水溶液在纸上的扩散, 使疏水溶质能完全渗透整张纸, 保证实验完全在反应区域内进行。
2.2 二苯碳酰二肼溶液浓度对实验的影响
分别将2 μL不同浓度的二苯碳酰二肼溶液和0.2 mol/L的硫酸溶液滴加在纸芯片上, 然后吸取2 μL质量浓度为0.08 mg/L的铬(VI)标准溶液, 显色稳定后拍照处理, 结果如图1所示。二苯碳酰二肼溶液浓度为0.1 mmol/L至1.0 mmol/L时, 随着二苯碳酰二肼溶液浓度增大, 纸芯片反应区域紫红色明显逐渐加深, 灰度值逐渐减小; 当二苯碳酰二肼溶液浓度超过1.0 mmol/L时, 反应区域颜色不再加深, 灰度值不再发生变化, 同时颜色达到稳定的时间也并未随二苯碳酰二肼溶液浓度的增大而缩短, 因此确定实验中二苯碳酰二肼溶液浓度为1.0 mmol/L。
2.3 硫酸溶液浓度对实验的影响
分别将2 μL不同浓度的硫酸溶液和1.0 mmol/L的二苯碳酰二肼溶液滴加在纸芯片上, 然后吸取2 μL质量浓度为0.08 mg/L的铬(VI)标准溶液, 显色稳定后拍照处理, 结果如图2所示。硫酸溶液浓度为0.05 mol/L至0.20 mol/L时, 随着硫酸溶液浓度增大, 纸芯片反应区域紫红色明显逐渐加深, 灰度值逐渐减小; 当硫酸溶液浓度超过0.20 mol/L时, 反应区域颜色不再加深, 灰度值不再发生变化, 同时颜色达到稳定的时间也并未随硫酸溶液浓度的增大而缩短。实验发现, 当硫酸浓度过高时, 实验结束后, 纸芯片反应区域基底有碳化现象, 导致纸芯片容易破损, 因此确定实验中硫酸溶液浓度为0.20 mol/L。
2.4 反应时间对实验的影响
分别将2 μL 0.2 mol/L的硫酸溶液和1.0 mmol/L的二苯碳酰二肼溶液滴加在纸芯片上, 然后分别吸取2 μL不同浓度的铬(VI)标准溶液, 每隔20 s拍照处理, 检测区域的灰度值和反应时间的关系如图3所示。检测区域的颜色随着反应时间的增加而逐渐加深, 灰度值逐渐变小, 同时发现铬(VI)溶液的浓度对反应所需的时间影响不大, 检测区域均在1.0 min后颜色达到稳定的紫红色, 并且可保持在1 h内不发生变化, 因此拍照时间可为加入铬(VI)溶液1 min至1 h内。
2.5 反应温度对实验的影响
分别将2 μL硫酸溶液、二苯碳酰二肼溶液和铬(VI)溶液滴加在纸芯片上后, 在10、20、30、40、50 ℃下反应1 min, 结果如图4所示, 当反应温度在10~40 ℃时, 纸芯片检测区域的紫红色深度基本一致, 而在50 ℃时, 检测区域紫红色较浅, 灰度值偏高。这是由于温度较高, 纸芯片中的溶液蒸发较快, 未使反应完全进行, 所以本研究不需额外的控温设备, 适合在室温下进行。
2.6 实际样品的测定
采用建立的纸芯片检测平台对2个饮用水中的铬(VI)进行了测定, 测定结果列于表1, 标准曲线和检测结果实物图如图5所示。可以看出, 检测区域的颜色随着铬(VI)标准溶液浓度的增大而逐渐加深, 灰度值逐渐减小。当铬(VI)质量浓度在0~0.20 mg/L时, 检测区域的灰度值与铬(VI)质量浓度呈良好的线性关系, 线性方程为Y=-379.9767X+228.9609, r=0.9807, 该方法的检出限为0.0036 mg/L (3σ/slope), 小于紫外分光光度法的检出限(0.004 mg/L)。所测的2个样品中均未检出铬(VI) (<0.0036 mg/L), 所测结果和紫外分光光度法结果一致, 表明该方法适应用于饮用水中铬(VI)的检测。
2.7 方法的回收率
为考察以纸芯片为检测平台方法的准确度, 实验中取浓度为0.08 mg/L的铬(VI)标准溶液作为待测样品, 添加铬(VI)标准溶液使其理论质量浓度为0.10、0.12和0.14 mg/L, 然后测定加标后的浓度, 计算加标回收率。结果如表2, 可知方法的回收率为97.7%~109.0%, 表明该方法准确可靠。
3 结论
收起
本研究通过在改装的普通中性笔中灌注疏水溶液然后在滤纸上直接绘制的方法制作纸芯片, 并利用在酸性条件下, 水中铬(VI)会和二苯碳酰二肼反应生成紫红色络合物, 颜色深浅与铬(VI)浓度成正比的原理, 建立了饮用水中铬(VI)的检测方法。相较于其他检测铬(VI)的方法, 该方法操作简单、不需要昂贵的仪器, 同时可实现多样品的同时检测。
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240823001
  • 接收时间：2024-08-23
  • 首发时间：2025-07-21
  • 出版时间：2025-01-15
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  • 收稿日期：2024-08-23
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    潍坊市产品质量检验研究院, 潍坊 261035

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*赵甜甜(1990—), 男, 硕士, 中级工程师, 主要研究方向为食品和食品包装材料的安全检测。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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