The extraction and separation of heavy rare earths (HREs) by a mixed extraction system composed of N, N′-di(2-ethylhexyl)aminomethyl phosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (HEDEAP, H2A2), 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (P507, H2B2) and n-heptane were investigated. The results show that the HEDEAP-P507 mixed system exhibits positive synergistic effects on HREs extraction. Under optimal conditions (HEDEAP molar fraction of 0.4, pH 2.0, phase ratio(Vo∶Va) of 1∶1 and temperature of 25 ℃), the maximum synergistic coefficient for Lu(Ⅲ) extraction can reach 1.42. The separation factors for Y/Ho, Er/Y, Tm/Er, Yb/Tm and Lu/Yb are determined as 1.67, 1.76, 4.5, 1.67 and 2.11, respectively, surpassing those of the single P507 system. FT-IR analysis result reveals the participation of P—OH and P═O groups in coordination reactions. Slope analysis indicates the possible formation of REH3A2B2Cl2 as the synergistic complexes. The loading capacity of the mixed system containing 12 % HEDEAP and 18 % P507 for Lu(Ⅲ) is measured to be 32.4 g/L (calculated as Lu2O3). The HREs loaded in the mixed system is easy to be stripping. The Lu(Ⅲ) stripping rate is 80% with 1.0 mol/L HCl, and the stripping acidity required for the same stripping rate is much lower than of P507 system (4.0 mol/L). Compared to the sole P507 system, the HEDEAP-P507 mixed system significantly enhances extraction selectivity for HREs while reducing stripping acidity requirements, demonstrating substantial scientific significance and promising application potential for selective separation of HREs.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |