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Lead-zinc ore is the main raw material for zinc hydrometallurgy, and cadmium is one of the major associated metal elements in lead-zinc ore. During the neutral leaching process, cadmium enters the leachate, producing a high-cadmium zinc sulfate solution. Aiming at the common issue in the zinc hydrometallurgy industry of the lengthy process for cadmium separation and recovery via zinc powder cementation, the two-stage countercurrent purification of cadmium from high-cadmium zinc sulfate solution using zinc powder was investigated. The appropriate zinc powder addition rate and residue return enrichment system were explored to increase the cadmium content in the cementation residue. The results show that the suitable zinc powder addition for the first-stage purification is 0.9 times the theoretical amount, and for the second-stage purification, it is 1.2 times the theoretical amount. Under optimal conditions, the cadmium concentration in the solution after the first-stage purification is approximately 70 mg/L, and after the second-stage purification, it is below 5 mg/L. The main phase of the first-stage purification residue is cadmium, with a cadmium mass fraction of 85.11% at the purification endpoint and a zinc mass fraction below 5%. The main phases of the second-stage purification residue are metallic cadmium and zinc. SEM-EDS analysis shows that the particles of the first-stage cementation residue are spherical with an encapsulation phenomenon. The encapsulation layer consists of basic zinc sulfate, while the inner layer is mainly unreacted zinc powder. The findings of this study can provide a technical reference for the separation and recovery of cadmium from high-cadmium leach solutions.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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