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The microwave-ultrasonic assisted leaching of V and Mo in spent petrochemical catalyst with sodium hydroxide was studied. The effects of various factors on the leaching were investigated. The kinetics of the leaching process was analyzed. The results show that under the conditions of no mechanical agitation, solid mass to liquid volume ratio of 0.20 g/1 mL, leaching temperature of 90 ℃, sodium hydroxide concentration of 2.0 mol/L, microwave power of 600 W, ultrasonic power of 300 W, and leaching time of 30 min, the leaching rates of V and Mo in the waste catalyst can reach 95.66% and 96.28%, respectively. The apparent activation energy of microwave-ultrasonic assisted leaching is 18.80 kJ/mol, which is significantly lower than that of atmospheric leaching. This is related to the fracture of chemical bonds caused by the high temperature and high pressure, which is achieved by the selective heating characteristics of microwave and the cavitation of ultrasonic.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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