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The efficient removal of fluoride from zinc smelting waste acid by complex extraction using P204 as the extractant was investigated. The effects of concentration of fluorine and aluminum in aqueous phase, pH, extraction temperature and time on the extraction rate of fluorine and aluminum were examined, The resource utilization of aluminum fluoride was also discussed. The results show that under P204 concentration of 1 mol/L, Al3+ concentration in aqueous phase of 0.1 mol/L, F- concentration of less than 0.025 mol/L, pH=3.0~3.5, extaction time of 8 min and room temperature, the extraction rate of fluorine can reach 96.18%. Using 1.0 mol/L sulfuric acid solution to strip of the fluorine-aluminum-loaded organic phase, the stripping rates for F- and Al3+ are 81.88% and 39.39%, respectively. Cryolite can be obtained by precipitation of stripping solution, and the synthesis of cryolite is more favorable under the condition of pH=4.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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