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The environmental problems caused by the increase in the storage amount of red mud have seriously restricted the development of China's alumina industry, so it is increasingly important to strengthen the comprehensive utilization of red mud. The recovery of sodium and aluminum from the red mud of an aluminum plant in Yunnan by calcification-carbonization method was studied. The calcified and carbonized red mud was characterized by XRD and SEM-EDS. The results show that the optimum conditions of calcification are reaction temperature of 65 ℃, reaction time of 36 h, calcium-sodium ratio of 4/1 and liquid -solid mass ratio of 4/1.Under the conditions, the sodium oxide recovery is the highest, 59.94%. The optimum conditions of carbonization are reaction time of 3 h, reaction temperature of 110 ℃, liquid to solid mass ratio 5/1, carbon dioxide pressure of 1.1 MPa, and the aluminum recovery rate is 16.15%. The hydrated sodium aluminosilicate in the red mud is converted into hydrated garnet during calcification, and sodium is released. Hydrated garnets decompose into CaCO3, CaSiO3 and Al(OH)3 during carbonization. The method can provide a new idea for comprehensive recovery and utilization of red mud.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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