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Solvent extraction is one of the main methods for rare earth separation and purification, but emulsification often occurs in industrial production due to improper control of process conditions. In order to solve the problem, the extraction of rare earth with the surfactant Span 80 as the regulator, P507 as the extractant and kerosene as the diluent was studied. The effects of aqueous pH, stirring speed and water-oil phase ratio on the extraction rate of Er3+ and the mass concentration of oil in the raffinate were investigated, and the process parameters were optimized by response surface method. The optimization results show that under the optimal conditions of aqueous pH=3.5, stirring speed of 130 r/min and water-oil phase ratio of 4∶1 for 5 min, the extraction rate of Er3+ can reach 95.42%, and the oil concentration in the raffinate is only 1.68 mg/L. The predicted value is in good agreement with the experimental results. The addition of Span 80 can effectively prevent emulsification, and the regulation effect is obvious.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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