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Outline
Low-nickel matte is an important intermediate product in the pyrometallurgical processing of nickel sulfide ores. In order to achieve efficient recovery of valuable metals and reduce the losses of cobalt and nickel associated with conventional converter blowing, this paper systematically reviews the research progress on leaching technologies for low-nickel matte. Emphasis is placed on four representative processing routes: roasting pretreatment-leaching processes (including ammonium chloride roasting, calcification roasting, and sulfation roasting), chlorination leaching (FeCl3 and FeCl3-HCl systems), pressure hydrometallurgical leaching (oxygen pressure acid leaching and oxygen pressure water leaching), and atmospheric pressure intensified leaching (mixed-acid systems and persulfate-based oxidative systems). The reaction mechanisms, key advantages, and inherent limitations of each technique are comparatively analyzed. Furthermore, under the framework of green metallurgy, future development directions are discussed, including the construction of advanced oxidation systems, the introduction of physical intensification methods such as ultrasound, and the integration of machine learning for process modeling and optimization. This review aims to provide a valuable reference for the development of efficient and environmentally benign hydrometallurgical processes for low-nickel matte.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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