Cell imprinting technology， as a key technique in the field of cell-specific recognition， has become an important cornerstone of modern biomedical research. It relies on its precise recognition capability for biomarkers such as cell surface antigens and receptors. This technology is not only widely applied in basic fields， including disease marker detection and research on cell function and behavioral mechanisms， but also plays a crucial role in frontier applications like rare cell isolation and targeted drug development. It continuously promotes the innovative development of life science research. Although significant progress has been made in this technology， it still faces several urgent challenges. These specifically include optimization of the imprinting process （to enhance anti-interference ability and fidelity） and development of new methods adapted to complex biological environments. In response to these issues， researchers have achieved breakthrough progress in multiple fields through innovative material design and process optimization recently. First， in rare cell capture， this technology has significantly improved the separation efficiency of key rare cells in complex samples， providing an efficient solution for early cancer diagnosis and blood disease research. Second， in the field of cell culture， its unique imprinted surface can precisely regulate the expression of cell adhesion proteins to optimize the in vitro culture microenvironment. Finally， in biosensing， sensors developed based on this technology have demonstrated excellent sensitivity and specificity， opening up new avenues for disease monitoring. This paper systematically reviews the research status and development trends of cell imprinting technology， deeply analyzes its technical bottlenecks and breakthrough directions. The aim is to provide a comprehensive theoretical reference for related research and further promote the innovative application and leapfrog development of this technology in the biomedical field.