To explore temporal and spatial variations of extreme precipitation in the Rolling Hilly Region of Northeast China, a set of extreme precipitation evaluation indicators was established using the daily precipitation data from 79 meteorological stations covering the period from 1981 to 2015. The intensity, frequency and persistence of extreme precipitation were analyzed using various methods, including linear trend estimation, coefficient of variation, Mann-Kendall test, R/S analysis, and GIS spatial analysis. The results show that from 1981 to 2015, the overall extreme precipitation showed a weakening trend in the Rolling Hilly Region of Northeast China; R×1day, R×5day, R12D, R50D, and CRED decreased at rates of -0.5 mm/10a, -2.1 mm/10a, -0.2 d/10a, 0.02 d/10a and 0.03 d/10a, respectively. The inter-decade variation of the intensity index showed a state of "rise-fall-rise", and the annual change of frequency index and persistence index showed a "fall-rise" form, which increased by 12.5%-15% in the 2010s compared with the 2000s. The CV value of frequency index R50D is 0.45, which fluctuates sharply, and the CV value of other indices is less than 0.2, and the fluctuation range is small. R50D and CRED experienced abrupt changes in 1988 and 1990, respectively, and exhibited an increasing trend before the mutation points and a weakening trend after that. Extreme precipitation increased during the 1990s, weakened in most areas during the 2000s, and intensified in both frequency and intensity in the northern high-altitude areas of the Rolling Hilly Region of Northeast China in the 2010s, while it reduced in the Southern Regions. This study can provide a theoretical basis for formulating strategies to cope with extreme precipitation risks in the Rolling Hilly Region of Northeast China.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |