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The safe and economic support of pressure tunnel under the condition of high head and low crustal stress has always been a difficult design problem in water conservancy and hydropower projects. Based on the diversion and power generation pressure tunnel of Coca Codo Sinclair hydropower station in Ecuador, the combined support type of steel lining and reinforced concrete permeable lining was adopted within the framework of the Norwegian guidelines. The coupling theoretical model of steel lining and reinforced concrete permeable lining considering the influence of crustal stress was constructed to determine the starting point of steel lining. Based on the three-dimensional seepage field analysis, the optimal grouting depth and pressure of reinforced concrete permeable lining of high-pressure tunnel were determined. The analysis of monitoring data during operation shows that the selection of various indexes of the combined support of the pressure tunnel is appropriate. This study effectively solves the problem of safe and economic support of high head and low crustal stress tunnel, and ensures the safety and stability of pressure tunnel structure.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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