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The ZM Fishway is the rare vertical slot fishway with high altitude and the long length at the domestic and foreign. The effect of fishway is particularly vital for the gene exchange and population reproduction of the upstream and downstream fish. To investigate the effectiveness of the fishway, we monitored the species, quantity and environmental factors of fish by trap and video observation method from March to July in 2021. In total, 9 species of 143 680 fish belonging to 2 orders, 4 families and 7 genera were captured. The species and quantity of fish passing through were mainly Schizothorax oconnori, Schizothorax macropogon and Racoma waltoni, which were the main objects of fishway designed. The number and species of fish showed obvious seasonal and circadian rhythms. The number and species of fish in May and June were significantly higher than those in other months, and the number of fish during the day was significantly higher than that at night. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) results of fishway environmental factors show that the main environmental factors affecting the effect of fishway were the water stage and water temperature. The research results could provide reference data for the optimization and effective operation of the ZM fishway, and it was of great significance to the protection of fishery resources in the middle and lower reaches of the Brahmaputra River.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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