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In view of the local large deformation, collapse and erosion of silty mudstone entrance section of Daliangshan Highway #2 tunnel, through the field monitoring, indoor swelling test of surrounding rock and 3D modeling analysis, the mechanism of large deformation of initial support was studied. The impact of factors including rainwater, secondary deformation of surrounding rock and silt bias on the large deformation was discussed. The remediation plan was put forward. The results show that the surface clay rock above the tunnel is swelling rock, and the silty mudstone is non-expansive rock, and the tunnel deformation has little affected by the expansion of the surrounding rock. Affected by continuous rainfall, the change in the settlement of the vault is the most obvious, and the settlement increased by 150 mm compared with the pre-rainfall. The theoretical value of horizontal pressure on the deep buried side of the tunnel is 1.73 times that of the shallow side, and the tunnel structure is subjected to obvious bias load. The comprehensive treatment scheme of strengthening temporary support + advanced support of large pipe shed + grouting reinforcement of double-layer small conduit + addition of anti-slip piles at the junction of light and dark at the top of the cave + two rows of pipe piles on the left side of the left hole and two rows of pipe piles in the middle of the left and right holes of the hole section of the hole was adopted, and the deformation of the tunnel was reduced by 87%, and the large deformation of the initial support is effectively controlled.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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