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Factors such as climate change have increased the spatial-temporal distribution heterogeneity of rainfall, it is thus important to study the response of hydrograph to the influence of the spatial heterogeneity of rainfall, which is of great importance to provide guidance to the hydrologic simulation of the flooding under conditions that the rainfall of the mainstream and tributary streams have different occurrence frequencies. The watershed above Linyi station of the Yihe River in Shandong Province was selected as an example. The watershed hydrological model was established using the Xinanjiang model. Hourly rainfall data from June to September from 1980 to 2020 were used for frequency analysis to obtain the design storms with different return periods in the Yihe river basin with a duration of 72 h. The flood process at Linyi station was analyzed by considering combined design scenarios of design storms with different return periods. Simulations were run using the established hydrologic model to obtain the response of flood process to the spatial heterogeneity of rainfall. The results show that the spatial distribution of rainfall has a significant impact on peak flows, with rainfall in areas close to the basin outlet being the determining factor for peak flood flows, and that smaller amounts of rainfall can produce larger peak flows in scenarios with high spatial heterogeneity of rainfall. The results can provide reference for the flood forecasting of downstream cross-sections under conditions that the mainstream and tributary floods have different occurrence frequencies due to spatial heterogeneity of rainfall.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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