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Outline
Scientific classification and evaluation of groundwater level funnels is an important basis for the treatment and protection of groundwater overexploitation. Based on the actual situation of groundwater dynamic analysis, evaluation and management in China, this paper put forward the basic provisions, evaluation indexes, classification standards and evaluation methods of influencing factors for the division of deep and shallow funnels. At the national level, the classification and evaluation criteria of groundwater level funnels have been unified. Taking the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as the research object, this paper systematically analyzed the impact of the comprehensive control of overmining in North China since 2019 on the evolution of funnel. The results show that compared with 2018, the shallow funnel presented a stable type in 2023 , while the deep funnel presented a reduced type. The area of the deep funnel was reduced by about 99%, and the water level in the center of each funnel was obviously rising. Based on the XGBoost integrated learning model, the development and change of the shallow funnel in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region were mainly influenced by human factors, followed by meteorological factors. Among them, groundwater exploitation, accumulated precipitation and ecological water recharge of rivers and lakes have the most significant impacts, with impact contributions of 23.1%, 23.0% and 15.2%, respectively.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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