Progress of copper-based friction materials for high-speed train: Tribological property involving components, interfaces, and tribo-layers

Progress of copper-based friction materials for high-speed train: Tribological property involving components, interfaces, and tribo-layers

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Yuxuan Xu^a, Haibin Zhou^b, Qi Chen^a, Donglin Liu^a, Yong Han^a, Minwen Deng^a, Pingping Yao^a^,^*

Review of Materials Research | 2025, 1(1) : 100014

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Review of Materials Research | 2025, 1(1): 100014

• CONCISE REVIEW •

Progress of copper-based friction materials for high-speed train: Tribological property involving components, interfaces, and tribo-layers

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Yuxuan Xu^a, Haibin Zhou^b, Qi Chen^a, Donglin Liu^a, Yong Han^a, Minwen Deng^a, Pingping Yao^a^,^*

Affiliations

^aState Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

^bHunan Province Key Laboratory of Materials Surface/Interface Science & Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China

Published: 2025-04-08 doi: 10.1016/j.revmat.2025.100014

Outline

Abstract

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With the continuous increase in operating speed of high-speed trains, enhanced safety and stability in braking systems are necessitated. Copper-based friction materials (CBFMs) are predominantly utilized in brake pads for high-speed trains exceeding 300 km/h. Substantial braking energy is dissipated by CBFMs through direct interaction with counterpart materials, and their pivotal role in maintaining the safety and reliability of high-speed braking systems is ensured. The components and intrinsic properties, the multiple variations at the interface, and the distinctive characteristics of brake conditions are regarded as the primary factors influencing the braking properties of CBFMs. Recent advancements in CBFMs and tribological properties are systematically explored in this review from three critical perspectives: components, interfaces, and tribo-layers. Firstly, the emerging trends in matrix, lubricant components, and abrasive components in CBFMs are detailed. Secondly, the correlation between interfacial and tribological properties at both micro and macro scales is investigated. Thirdly, the characteristics of tribo-layers at different scales and the associated wear mechanisms of CBFMs are examined. Lastly, the challenges CBFMs face and the constraints of multi-component synergistic design, evaluation methodologies, and novel wear mechanisms are highlighted.

Key words

Copper-based friction materials / High-speed train brake / Tribological property / Components / Interfaces / Tribo-layers

Cite this Article

Yuxuan Xu, Haibin Zhou, Qi Chen, Donglin Liu, Yong Han, Minwen Deng, Pingping Yao. Progress of copper-based friction materials for high-speed train: Tribological property involving components, interfaces, and tribo-layers[J]. Review of Materials Research, 2025 , 1 (1) : 100014 - . DOI: 10.1016/j.revmat.2025.100014

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Funding

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National Natural Science Foundation of China(52175209; 52205243)
Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2023JJ057)

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Year 2025 volume 1 Issue 1

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Article Info

doi: 10.1016/j.revmat.2025.100014

Receive Date：2025-03-21
Online Date：2026-06-10
Published：2025-04-08

Article Data

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History

Received：2025-03-21
Revised：2025-04-05
Accepted：2025-04-06

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China(52175209; 52205243)

Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2023JJ057)

Affiliations

^aState Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

^bHunan Province Key Laboratory of Materials Surface/Interface Science & Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China

Corresponding:

^* E-mail address: ppyao@csu.edu.cn (P. Yao).

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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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