Breaking the strength-ductility trade-off for metal matrix composites: A review of the role of nanoscale reinforcement dimension on the deformation and strengthening mechanisms

Breaking the strength-ductility trade-off for metal matrix composites: A review of the role of nanoscale reinforcement dimension on the deformation and strengthening mechanisms

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Yuhang Xia^a^,^b, Xiang Zhang^a^,^b^,^*, Dongdong Zhao^a^,^b, Xudong Rong^a^,^b, Chunnian He^a^,^b^,^c^,^d, Naiqin Zhao^a^,^b^,^c^,^d

Review of Materials Research | 2025, 1(1) : 100019

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Review of Materials Research | 2025, 1(1): 100019

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Breaking the strength-ductility trade-off for metal matrix composites: A review of the role of nanoscale reinforcement dimension on the deformation and strengthening mechanisms

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Yuhang Xia^a^,^b, Xiang Zhang^a^,^b^,^*, Dongdong Zhao^a^,^b, Xudong Rong^a^,^b, Chunnian He^a^,^b^,^c^,^d, Naiqin Zhao^a^,^b^,^c^,^d

Affiliations

^aSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China

^bState Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China

^cKey Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China

^dCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China

Published: 2025-04-09 doi: 10.1016/j.revmat.2025.100019

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Abstract

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Metal matrix composites (MMCs) reinforced by various dimensional nanoscale reinforcements (ranging from 0D to 3D) have gained significant importance in numerous fields such as electronic circuits, aerospace and new energy vehicles due to their exceptional mechanical and functional properties. Despite their widespread applications, the inherent disparity in properties between the matrix and nanoscale reinforcements often results in a trade-off between strength and plasticity, as well as diminished physical characteristics. This dilemma significantly impedes the advancement of MMCs. This review aims to discuss the current state of research on MMCs reinforced by nanoscale reinforcements, highlighting the intricately designed approaches for achieving high strength-ductility matching or enhanced physical properties. Furthermore, the review systematically examines the factors influencing strengthening, toughening mechanisms and deformation behavior, as supported by current experimental and theoretical research across various reinforcement dimensions. Analyzing and evaluating the internal mechanisms and influencing factors that govern the distinctive dimensional design to achieve specific properties can provide fundamental principles for designing and fabricating high-performance composite materials, facilitating the extensive application of the MMCs in cutting-edge fields such as aerospace, electronic communications, and artificial intelligence.

Key words

Metal matrix composites / Strength-ductility trade-off / Strengthening and toughening mechanisms / Reinforcement dimension / Deformation behavior

Cite this Article

Yuhang Xia, Xiang Zhang, Dongdong Zhao, Xudong Rong, Chunnian He, Naiqin Zhao. Breaking the strength-ductility trade-off for metal matrix composites: A review of the role of nanoscale reinforcement dimension on the deformation and strengthening mechanisms[J]. Review of Materials Research, 2025 , 1 (1) : 100019 - . DOI: 10.1016/j.revmat.2025.100019

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Funding

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National Natural Science Foundation of China(52130105; 52371013)

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Year 2025 volume 1 Issue 1

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Article Info

doi: 10.1016/j.revmat.2025.100019

Receive Date：2025-03-21
Online Date：2026-06-10
Published：2025-04-09

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History

Received：2025-03-21
Revised：2025-04-07
Accepted：2025-04-08

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China(52130105; 52371013)

Affiliations

^aSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China

^bState Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China

^cKey Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China

^dCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China

Corresponding:

^* School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China. E-mail address: zhangxiang@tju.edu.cn (X. Zhang).

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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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