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Fast marching method-based bent-ray tracing for three-dimensional velocity imaging in mines
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Jie Yanga, Xueyi Shanga, *, Linghao Liua, Yi Wangb, Xibing Lic
Rock Mechanics Bulletin | 2026, 5(2) : 100262
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Rock Mechanics Bulletin | 2026, 5(2): 100262
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Fast marching method-based bent-ray tracing for three-dimensional velocity imaging in mines
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Jie Yanga, Xueyi Shanga, *, Linghao Liua, Yi Wangb, Xibing Lic
Affiliations
  • aState Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
  • bState Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430077, China
  • cSchool of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
Published: 2026-04-10 doi: 10.1016/j.rockmb.2025.100262
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Three-dimensional (3D) seismic velocity imaging is crucial for understanding rock mass stress and structures in mining. Conventional straight-ray tomography suffers from ray-path mismatches with true wavefield propagation in complex media, leading to reduced velocity model accuracy. To address this, we propose a 3D velocity imaging method that integrates the Fast Marching Method (FMM) for bent-ray tracing with the Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (ART) for velocity inversion. The proposed approach was validated through checkerboard tests, recovery tests, and laboratory Lead-Break experiments. Results show that FMM-based ray tracing significantly improves inversion accuracy, achieving root-mean-square (RMS) travel-time residuals of 1.39 ms and 28.66 ms in recovery and field tests, corresponding to reductions of 76.6% and 18.6% compared with straight ray tracing-based methods. Application in the Yongshaba mine, Guizhou Province, China, revealed a distinct low-velocity zone surrounded by high-velocity regions, which is consistent with mining activities and excavation plans. This study demonstrates that the FMM-ART framework provides a robust and accurate tool for mine-scale velocity imaging, with implications for monitoring stress evolution, improving safety, and potential integration with real-time monitoring.

Seismic tomography  /  Ray tracing  /  Mining-induced seismicity  /  Fast marching method  /  Three-dimensional velocity
Jie Yang, Xueyi Shang, Linghao Liu, Yi Wang, Xibing Li. Fast marching method-based bent-ray tracing for three-dimensional velocity imaging in mines[J]. Rock Mechanics Bulletin, 2026 , 5 (2) : 100262 - . DOI: 10.1016/j.rockmb.2025.100262
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Funding
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  • National Natural Science Foundation of China(52574137; 52004041; U21A2030)
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Year 2026 volume 5 Issue 2
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Article Info
doi: 10.1016/j.rockmb.2025.100262
  • Receive Date：2025-06-11
  • Online Date：2026-06-17
  • Published：2026-04-10
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2025-06-11
  • Revised：2025-09-17
  • Accepted：2025-10-16
Funding
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52574137; 52004041; U21A2030)
Affiliations
    aState Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
    bState Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430077, China
    cSchool of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

Corresponding:

* Corresponding author. E-mail address: (X. Shang).
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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