¹School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

²The Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.

³Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.

⁴School of Health Science and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Xiping Avenue 5340, Beichen District, Tianjin 300401, China.

⁵Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.

⁶Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.