¹Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

²Medical AI Lab, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.

³Hebei Provincial Engineering Research Center for AI-Based Cancer Treatment Decision-Making, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.

⁴Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.

⁵Department of Radiology, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University (Hainan General Hospital), Haikou, Hainan, China.

⁶Department of Medical Imaging, Guangzhou Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

⁷Department of Radiology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China.

⁸Department of Radiology, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.

⁹Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

¹⁰Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

¹¹Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.