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As a distinctive intertidal ecosystem at the interface between terrestrial and marine realms, mangrove represents a pivotal buffer against the influx of microplastics (MPs) into the marine environment, which serves as a principal repository for MPs. To elucidate the inner differences in the temporal alterations in micro-morphology, physicochemical traits and bacterial communities of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polylactic acid (PLA), exposure experiments were conducted at the representative artificial and natural mangrove communities in Dongzhaigang Mangrove Nature Reserve in Hainan Province. Results revealed that MPs cultured in the natural mangrove performed more pronounced collapses and substantial fluctuations in contact angle, crystallinity, and hydrophobicity in comparison to that in artificial mangrove environment. This suggests that the natural mangrove environment exposure might accelerate the MPs aging processes. Significant differences were observed between the diversity of MPs bacterial communities and sediments in artificial and natural mangrove (P<0.05). Firmicutes plays a dominate role in MPs exposed to natural mangrove communities, while Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum colonized on MPs in artificial mangrove environment. The pH level of natural mangrove sediments was the primary factor for bacterial colonization on “plastisphere” (P<0.01), whereas ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) of artificial mangrove habitats showed a highly significant positive correlation (P<0.01) with the microbial community of MPs. In summary, MPs in natural mangrove communities showed more pronounced alterations in the surface micromorphology and microbial community succession than that in artificial mangrove communities. The surfaces of the “plastisphere” in natural mangrove communities have a high level of bacterial community richness, and their ability to enrich microorganisms differs from that of the “plastisphere” in artificial mangrove environment. Results of the study provide a foundation for the dynamic changes in physicochemical properties and microbial communities of MPs, which is expected to contribute to further investigations in the potential risks of MPs.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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