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Sugarcane pokkah boeng disease (PBD) is a major disease of sugarcane in China, which severely affects the yield of sugarcane and causes significant economic losses. Selection and cultivation of PBD resistant sugarcane germplasms is the most economical and effective control method. In this study, a three-year field experiment was conducted in Dingdang of Guangxi, and Dehong of Yunnan to analyze the natural disease data of sugarcane PBD from 2015 to 2017. The objective was to evaluate the disease resistance of 98 sugarcane germplasms in China and provide a reference for breeding disease-resistant sugarcane. The results indicated significant difference between different regions, with the average incidence and disease index higher in Dingdang than Dehong. Joint analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that germplasms, year, location, month, germplasms×year, germplasms×location and location×month had a significant impact on the incidence and disease index of tip rot (P<0.001). Among them, genotype and year had the greatest impact, indicating that PBD is mainly controlled by genetic and environmental factors. A comparison of meteorological conditions at various locations revealed a positive correlation trend between the PBD occurrence, air temperature, and annual rainfall. The 98 sugarcane germplasms were categorized into five groups, out of which 16 (16.33%) were highly resistant, 32 (32.65%) were resistant, 18 (18.37%) were moderately susceptible, 24 (24.49%) were susceptible, and 8 (8.16%) were highly susceptible. Highly resistant germplasms such as CP94-1100, Q202, ROC21, ROC23, Yuetang 93-159, Guitang 02-1247, Guitang 02-208, Guitang 02-761, Guitang 03-1403, Yuegan 16, Guitang 05-3846, Guitang 05-827, ROC22, Yuetang 00-236, Yuetang 89-240, and Yuetang 94-128 are recommended as the parents for disease resistance breeding. Conversely, highly susceptibility germplasms such as CP72-2086, PINDAR, ROC26, Guitang 02-619, Guitang 05-2743, Guitang 05-322, Liucheng 03-182, and Shuidian 25, should be used with caution. This study distinguished germplasms with stable resistance in different environments, which is significant for germplasm utilization and the breeding of resistant germplasms.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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