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Chalcone synthase is a crucial enzyme in the initial stage of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. To explore the biological functions of our previously identified chalcone synthase coding gene DlCHS9 from longan, which is associated with anthocyanin accumulation, DlCHS9-SX and DlCHS9-HP from Shixia and Hongpi longan, were cloned respectively. Amino acid sequences of DlCHS9-SX and DlCHS9-HP were compared and found to differ only at position 328, which was not a key active site. Subsequently, an expression vector was created, and the Agrobacterium-mediated leaf disc method was used to introduce DlCHS9-SX into wild tobacco. The anthocyanin content in the petals of transgenic tobacco was notably higher than that in the wild type, suggesting that the DlCHS9-SX gene enhances anthocyanin accumulation in tobacco petals. The promoter sequences of the two DlCHS9 genes revealed a similarity of 96.2%. Compared to the promoter of DlCHS9-HP, the promoter of DlCHS9-SX had 32 SNPs, 14 base insertions, and 12 base deletions. Specifically, the DlCHS9-SX promoter contained an additional abscisic acid responsive element (ABRE), one fewer light-responsive element (Box4), one less low temperature-responsive element (LTR), and one less MYC transcription factor binding site. In conclusion, DlCHS9-SX plays a pivotal role as a structural gene in longan anthocyanin biosynthesis. The differences in the DlCHS9 promoter in Shixia longan may contribute to its lower expression level.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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