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Sisal zebra disease is an infectious disease caused by Phytophthora nicotianae, causing symptoms such as leaf spot, stem rot and shaft rot in sisal, and it has a serious impact on the yield and quality of sisal fibre. At present, the integrated control strategy of sisal zebra disease is mainly based on agricultural control, and combining disease resistance breeding and chemical control. However, agricultural prevention and control measures have the shortcomings of high labor cost and uneven operation skills of workers, disease-resistance breeding technology is difficult and its cycle is long, and chemical control is affected by the waxy layer on sisal leaf surface, which makes it difficult for the liquid to adsorb, a large amount of drug application can also lead to the increase of pathogen resistance and environmental pollution easily. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop biocontrol bacteria resources for the prevention and control of sisal zebra disease, and enrich comprehensive prevention and control methods. In this study, P. nicotianae was used as the target pathogen bacteria. Two antagonistic bacteria, PpHyHNCJ2 and PpHyHNCJ5 were obtained by the five-point confrontation method and the mycelial growth inhibition rate was 85.92% and 83.10%. By observing the microscopic structure of P. nicotiana mycelia, it was found that strains PpHyHNCJ2 and PpHyHNCJ5 inhibited the growth of P. nicotiana mycelia, and it showed the phenomenon of mycelium enlargement and thickening, branching deformity and entangling. Based on cell morphology, physiological and biochemical reactions, and the alignment of 16S rDNA gene sequences, it was concluded that strains PpHyHNCJ2 and PpHyHNCJ5 were identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa. Further studies showed that both strains PpHyHNCJ2 and PpHyHNCJ5 had broad spectrum antagonism, and they could effectively inhibit the growth of 11 kinds of pathogens such as P. capsica, P. sojae, P. melonis, P. palmivora, P. vignae, Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus niger, Colletotrichum siamense and so on. In addition, strains PpHyHNCJ2 and PpHyHNCJ5 had the ability to dissolve organic phosphorus, inorganic phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen fixation and iron production, which could provide conditions for the good growth of crops. The results showed that the two biocontrol bacteria had big potential for sisal zebra disease control, and it could lay a foundation for the biological control of sisal zebra disease.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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