The aim of the study is to estimate the effects of different mulching treatments on the photosynthetic characteristics of leaves, soil physical properties and yield of Amorphophallus muelleri intercropped in rubber plantations. Seven treatments (silver film, black film, white film, straw mat, thickened black film, microporous black film and no mulch (CK) were set up in this experiment. Photosynthetic characteristics of A. muelleri leaves at the three stages of head changing, corm and maturity were measured and analyzed. Net photosynthetic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (G_s), transpiration rate (T_r), intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i), electron transfer rate (ETR), physiological characteristics parameters including soluble protein (SP) content, soluble sugar (SS) content, chlorophyll (Chl) content, chlorophyll a/b (Chl a/b). soil in situ physical properties including soil moisture comtent (SMC), soil conductivity (SC), soil temperature (ST), and underground corm yield of A. muelleri were assayed. The photosynthetic parameters (P_n, G_s, T_r and ETR) of A. muelleri leaves increased by different plastic film mulching treatments at the same period. P_n, G_s and T_r of straw mat treatment at the head changing stage and expansion stage were significantly higher than those of the other treatments (P<0.05), the amplitude of the other treatments fluctuated irregularly and there were significant differences among them. At the mature stage, SP and Chl of A. muelleri leaves under different treatments were significantly higher than those under the control in the same period, and there was no significant difference among all treatments. In the same period, the SS and Chl a/b of A. muelleri leaves under different treatments were slightly different. The SS of each treatment at the maturity stage was significantly higher than that of the control, and the SS of the control at the three stages was the lowest, while the Chl a/b of e plastic film treatment at the maturity stage was not significantly different from that of the control. In the same period, SMC and SC by different plastic films were higher than those of the control. The water retention effect of thickened black film treatment was the best, the SC of microporous black film treatment in the expansion stage and straw mat treatment in the maturity stage were significantly the highest, but there was no significant difference in SMC and SC among other treatments. P_n, G_s, T_r, ETR, SP, and Chl of the same mulch treatment at different stages were all in the following order: head changing stage>expansion stage>maturity stage, while the SS and Chl a/b of each treatment were in the following order: maturity stage>expansion stage>head changing stage. According to the results of correlation analysis between all indexes and yield, except ST and yield were negatively correlated, other indexes were positively correlated with yield. Compared with the control, different plastic film mulches increased the yield of A. muelleri. Black mulching, straw mat and thickened black mulching treatments significantly increased the yield, while white mulching and microporous black mulching treatments did not significantly increased the yield. Therefore, silver plastic film, black plastic film, straw mat and thickened black plastic film are suitable choices for A. muelleri to increase the production and efficiency in practical production.