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The comprehensive effects of different fertilization treatments on soil fertility, enzyme activity and microbial community structure in rubber plantations were systematically investigated to provide a theoretical basis for sustainable nutrient management of rubber plantation soils. Using the rubber clone Reyan 7-33-97 as the research subject, five treatments were set, no fertilization (CK), conventional chemical fertilizer (CF), organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (OF), and two slow-release fertilizers with different release ratios (SF 25% and SF 50%). Soil chemical properties, enzyme activity and microbial community structure were measured to systematically explore the relationships among the factors. Compared with CF, OF treatment significantly increased soil organic matter (35.40%), available phosphorus (40.00%), pH (10.86%) and urease activity (54.84%). SF 25% significantly increased available phosphorus (43.00%) and catalase activity (19.23%). The available phosphorus content in SF 50% treatment showed no significant difference from CF, but was significantly lower than that in OF and SF 25% treatments. Microbial community analysis revealed that there were no significant differences in bacterial and fungal α-diversity across the treatments, but β-diversity analysis showed that fertilization treatments had a significant effect on the fungal community structure. Furthermore, both OF and SF 25% treatments significantly increased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria (93.47%, 64.58%), Chujaibacter (351.56%, 222.53%) and Ascomycota (38.43%, 11.13%) while decreasing the relative abundance of Rozellomycota. The SF 50% treatment significantly decreased the relative abundance of Glomeromycota (53.70%). In conclusion, organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (OF) and slow-release fertilizer (SF 25%) were more effective in improving soil fertility, enzyme activity and microbial community structure, and can be recommended as fertilization strategies for soil health management in rubber plantations.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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