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A systematic multi-trait assessment was conducted using principal component analysis, membership function method, and cluster analysis to comprehensively evaluate the agronomic performances of 15 Yunzhe-type innovative sugarcane germplasm lines in Kaiyuan, Yunnan and identify superior parents for high-yield and high-sugar breeding. The main cultivated variety Yunzhe 05-51 was used as the control. Nine key agronomic traits, plant height (PH), stalk diameter (SD), single stalk weight (SSW), millable stalk number per hectare (MSPH), cane yield (CY), fiber content (FC), juice extraction rate (JE), apparent purity (AP), and sucrose content in cane (SC) were measured under both plant cane and first ratoon conditions. The results showed that the coefficients of variation for the traits ranged from 4.81% to 21.02%, with single stalk weight and cane yield exhibiting the greatest variation. Correlation analysis indicated that plant height, stalk diameter, and single stalk weight were significantly positively correlated with cane yield. Principal component analysis extracted three principal components, which together accounted for 82.436% of the total variance, representing yield structure, sugar quality, and stalk population characteristics, respectively. Based on the comprehensive evaluation D-values derived from the membership function method, there were 11 materials higher than the control. They were ranked as follows from high to low, Yunzhe 2018-124>Yunzhe 2018-95>Yunzhe 2018-120>Yunzhe 2017-121>Yunzhe 2018-92>Yunzhe 2016-166>Yunzhe 2017-131>Yunzhe 2016-145>Yunzhe 2014-170>Yunzhe 2014- 224>Yunzhe 2014-222>Yunzhe 05-51. Cluster analysis classified the germplasm into three groups. Group Ⅰ was identified as the high-yield type, and Group Ⅲ as the high-sugar type. Further screening identified the germplasm with outstanding single traits. High-yield types included Yunzhe 2017-121, Yunzhe 2018-124, and Yunzhe 2018-95. High-sugar types included Yunzhe 2014-222, Yunzhe 2016-145, and Yunzhe 2017-152. High-fiber types included Yunzhe 2017-152 and Yunzhe 2018-120, which are suitable as the parents for breeding mechanization-adapted varieties. Both Yunzhe 2018-124 and Yunzhe 2018-95 demonstrated excellent performances in yield and quality related traits, indicating a high potential as core parents for high-yield and high-sugar sugarcane breeding. The materials could provide valuable germplasm support for sugarcane variety selection in Yunnan and other ecologically similar regions.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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