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The effect of gibberellin (GAs) on the fruit size of longan using the F1 generation of a stable hybrid population, FD 52 (big-size fruit) and FD 114 (small-size fruit), which derived from the cross between ‘Fengliduo’ and ‘Dawuyuan’, were studied. Three concentrations of gibberellin (50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, and 150 mg/L) were applied to the inflorescences of small-fruit longan at four time points: 3 days before anthesis (–3 d), on the day of anthesis (0 d), 3 days after anthesis (3 d), and 6 days after anthesis (6 d). The endogenous GAs contents in the treatments were measured, and fruit quality traits were mature at the ripening stage. Additionally, the endogenous GAs content, cell size, and the number of cell layers in untreated large-fruit and small-fruit longan were compared. Results showed that exogenous gibberellin application significantly increased endogenous GAs levels and promoted fruit enlargement, with the most pronounced effect observed when 100 mg/L gibberellin was applied 3 days after anthesis. Early in fruit development, GA4 was the predominant active gibberellin in longan fruit, with higher levels of GA4, larger cell size, and more cell layers observed in big-size varieties compared to small-size ones. The findings suggest that GAs application and the differential accumulation of GA4 along with cellular factors such as cell size and layer number, contribute to the variation in fruit size. This study would provide valuable insights for improving longan fruit size through the application of gibberellin in cultivation practices.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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