Yinggeling area of the National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest preserves the largest and most intact tropical rainforest in South China. It is extraordinarily rich in fungal species, especially the fungi of Boletales with important ecological, scientific and economic values. Nearly 300 specimens of Boletales were collected from Yinggeling area in the past 10 years. On the basis of morphology, molecular phylogenetic analyses, ecological characteristics, and geographical information, a total of 82 species of Boletales, belonging to 37 genera and 5 families, have been identified. Among them, 2 genera and 26 species were typified from Yinggeling, 2 were new to China, and 20 were new to Hainan Province. In the Boletales in Yinggeling area, the only dominant family, with more than 10 species, was Boletaceae, accounting for 91.46% of the total species. There were 6 dominant genera (Aureoboletus, Boletellus, Neoboletus, Phylloporus, Strobilomyces, and Tylopilus), with more than 5 species, haboring 48.78% of the total species of this Order. Among the Boletales species from Yinggeling area, 20, 4, and 8 are considered to be edible, medicinal and poisonous mushrooms, respectively.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |