Natural rubber latex serves as the primary raw material for various products, including medical gloves, condoms and tires. Enhancing its formulation can effectively reduce production costs, improve product performance, and enhance the competitiveness of manufacturing industry. In this study, a spherical symmetric design method was employed to optimize the rubber compound formulation. Sulfur, zinc oxide, accelerator UH-301 and antioxidant WSL were selected as key components for the formulation. The investigation focused on three comprehensive indicators: elongation at break, tear strength and tensile strength. The indicators were analyzed through hypothesis modeling, regression analysis and programming solutions to determine the optimal formulation. The vulcanization characteristics and mechanical properties of both the optimized formula and the basic formula for latex vulcanization were tested. The results indicated that the optimized formula (sulfur: 1.50 phr, zinc oxide: 0.25 phr, accelerator UH-301: 0.40 phr, antioxidant WSL: 1.36 phr) was obtained via regression analysis, with an estimated comprehensive strength of 1.2891. Verification tests confirmed the feasibility of the mathematical model constructed using the spherical symmetrical design method. Comparing the optimized formula with the basic latex vulcanization formula revealed that the former significantly outperformed the latter in vulcanization rate and physical-mechanical properties. Specifically, the tensile strength of the vulcanized rubber film with the optimized formula reached 32.2 MPa, an increase of 212.4%, while the tear strength reached 60 kN/m, an increase of 180.1%. The findings further demonstrate the practical application value of the optimized rubber compound formulation and would provide a solid foundation for enhancing the performance of natural latex rubber films.