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The aim of the study was to investigate the differences in fruit quality and conduct a comprehensive evaluation of major mango cultivars across different regions in Guangxi. Four cultivars (Jinhuang, Guifei, Tainong, and Guiqi) from four producing areas (Baise, Nanning, Yulin, and Qinzhou) were selected as the research subjects. The quality of mangoes was assessed using national standard analytical methods. Systematic analyses were performed via correlation analysis, cluster heatmap analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA). Jinhuang exhibited higher average values in single-fruit weight (748.86 g), peel thickness (2.30 mm), stone weight (98.37 g), edible rate (89.91%), fruit shape index (1.92), firmness (10.53 N), and sugar-acid ratio (52.73). Guiqi showed superior performance in color difference (19.30), SSC (22.67%), Vc (52.73 mg/100 g), total sugar (52.73 mg/g), and β-carotene (39.30 mg/g). Significant regional differences (P<0.05) were observed in peel thickness, sugar-acid ratio, Vc, total sugar, and β-carotene among the same cultivars from different areas. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive correlations between single-fruit weight and stone weight, edible rate, and fruit shape index (r=0.78); color difference and SSC (r=0.75); SSC and total sugar (r=0.81); and Vc and β-carotene (r=0.87). Fruit shape index was negatively correlated with Vc and β-carotene (r=-0.85), while titratable acidity showed a strong negative correlation with sugar-acid ratio (r=-0.80). Cluster analysis categorized the 13 indices into four groups, morphological traits, peel characteristics, physicochemical properties, and nutritional quality. PCA extracted four principal components (cumulative variance contribution: 88.41%), capturing the majority of original quality information. Comprehensive scores ranked cultivars as Guiqi>Jinhuang>Tainong>Guifei and regions as Baise>Nanning>Yulin>Qinzhou. Significant quality variations existed among cultivars, with Guiqi demonstrating superior sweetness and nutritional quality compared to the more acidic Guifei. Guiqi from Baise, Jinhuang and Guifei from Nanning, and Tainong from Yulin exhibited optimal fruit quality traits, highlighting regional and cultivar-specific advantages.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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