The wood of most tree species of Dalbergia L. f. is well-known in the world. The research on wood anatomy mainly focus on tree species, while the research on vine or climbing plant species is rare. This paper discussed the macroscopic and microscopic wood structures of seven species of vines or climbing plants of Dalbergia L. f., and summarized systematically, and compared with the tree species of D. odorifera, so as to provide a scientific basis for wood identification, species identification, protection, breeding, development and utilization of this genus. The macrostructure showed that the difference between heartwood and sapwood was not obvious, and had little glossy, aromatic and oily when rich in gum. The growth ring was not obvious. The pores were obvious and common rich in gum, which were smaller and sparsely distributed in primary xylem, larger and densely distributed in secondary xylem. Included phloem was round. The microstructures indicated that they were all diffuse-porous wood, single pores, radial multiple pores, pores arrangement dispersed, single perforation, inter-vessel pitting alternate, vestured pitting, elliptical to nearly round, and obvious on the tangential section. Axial parenchyma was abundant and overlapped, paratubular banded, annular tubular. The wood rays were non overlapping, more fine and dense. D. odorifera was diffuse-porous wood to near semi-ring-porous wood, included phloem was absent, pith was smaller, axial parenchyma was mainly winged and polymerized-winged (paratubular banded type) or minimal banding (off tube type), low pores density. To sum up, there are many similarities in the wood anatomical structures of the seven vines or climbing plants of Dalbergia L. f., but there are also significant differences mainly in wood rays, wood rays width and pith core inclusions. Wood rays were mainly homotypic multiple columns, occasionally homotypic uniseriate of D. tsoi and D. yunnanensis. D. pinnata and D. benthamii were similar with homotypic single or multiple columns, while the former also had heterogeneous Ⅲ type rarely. D. hancei and D. peishaensis were similar with mainly heterogeneous uniseriate, occasionally heterogeneousⅠ type, while the former also had heterogeneous Ⅲ type rarely. D. candenatensis was mainly heterogeneous Ⅱ type, followed by heterogeneousⅠtype and heterogeneous uniseriate. The wood rays width of D. hanei and D. peishaensis was 1-2 cells, that of D. pinnata, D. benthamii and D. candenatensis was 1-3 cells, that of D. yunnanensis was 1-4 (mostly 2-3) cells. that of D. tsoi was 1-5 (mostly 3-4) cells. The pith core inclusions was mainly golden yellow, but that of D. tsoi was silver white, and that of D. pinnata was absent or not obvious.