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The study was aimed to investigate the effects of litchi orchard intercropping Stylosanthes guianensis on soil physicochemical properties and soil bacterial community structure, and to provide theoretical basis for litchi orchard intercropping S. guianensis. Soil samples from litchi orchard intercropped with S. guianensis and litchi monocropping modes were used to determine soil physicochemical properties and analyzed by bacterial amplicon sequencing. After intercropping S. guianensis in litchi orchard, in the soil layer depth of 0-20 cm, nitrate nitrogen content significantly increased by 47.52%, available phosphorus content highly significantly increased by 141.53% and available potassium content highly significantly reduced by 125.59%; in the soil layer depth of 20-40 cm, nitrate nitrogen content highly significantly increased by 76.02%, available phosphorus content highly significantly increased by 48.52%, and available potassium content highly significantly reduced by 188.57%. In terms of alpha bacterial diversity, there were no significant changes in Chao1 index, AEC index, Simpson index and Shannon index in 0-20 cm soil layer and 20-40 cm soil layer after intercropping S. guianensis in litchi orchard. In terms of soil bacterial community structure, the main dominant phyla in the soil samples were all Acidobacteriota, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidota, Verrucomicrobiota, Actinobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota, Myxococcota, Crenarchaeota, and Crenarchaeota were soil-specific relative abundances greater than 1% of the phyla after intercropping S. guianensis at 0-20 cm soil depth; at the genus level, in the 0-20 cm soil layer, Candidatus_Nitrosotalea was the genus with soil-specific relative abundance greater than 1% after intercropping S. guianensis, and at the 0-40 cm soil level, Nitrospira was the genus with soil-specific relative abundance greater than 1% after intercropping S. guianensis, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, and Gemmatimonadota increased at all soil depths after intercropping S. guianensis; the results of the redundancy analysis showed that the soil bacterial community was mainly affected by effective phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen, and organic matter. In summary, intercropping litchi orchard with S. guianensis would improve the physicochemical properties and change the structure of soil bacterial community in litchi orchard soil, and play a certain role in optimizing the environmental conditions of litchi orchard soil.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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