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Polygalacturonase (PG) plays a crucial role in plant growth and development, and in stress responses, by participating in the degradation of pectin and altering cell wall structure. Although studies on PG genes have been conducted in various plants, there is a lack of research on the identification and functional characterization of the PG gene family in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). This study identified a total of 89 members of the MePG family in the cassava genome, encoding proteins with 183 to 808 amino acids, molecular weights ranging from 19.75 to 87.07 kDa, and theoretical pI values between 4.64 and 9.71. Most of the family members are predicted to be localized in the cell membrane. Chromosome mapping analysis revealed that MePG family members were unevenly distributed across 17 chromosomes. Based on evolutionary relationships, MePGs were classified into seven subgroups (A to G), with similar gene structures within subgroups and evidence of tandem duplication. Comparative analysis indicated that the PG family genes in cassava were more closely related to rubber than to Arabidopsis. The promoter regions of MePG genes were enriched with elements responsive to light, hormones, and stress. MePG genes exhibit tissue specificity and were associated with cassava growth and development. During postharvest deterioration of cassava, MePGs displayed similar expression patterns, particularly MePG20, MePG21, MePG25, MePG64 and MePG72, which showed an initial increase followed by a decrease in expression, suggesting that the genes may initially respond to stress, upregulate to break down pectin, and then downregulate as cell wall hydrolysis is completed. This implies a significant role for PG in stress responses. Collectively, the findings suggest that MePG gene family members may have evolved through segmental duplication and intron loss and may perform different functions by sensing various types of signals, leading to diverse expression patterns. This would study provide a foundation for further exploration of the role of MePGs in the postharvest deterioration mechanism of cassava roots.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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