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The purpose of this study was to provide a scientific basis for the classification, breed selection and targeted development and utilization of different germplasm of Aquilaria sinensis. The samples of agarwood from six different germplasms were studied: Aquilaria sinensis ‘Haixiang 1’, A. sinensis ‘Haixiang 2’, A. sinensis ‘Haixiang 3’, Piyou type, Big leaf type and Nangpao type. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to study the composition of the agarwood samples extracted by ultrasonic ether method. The volatile components of agarwood produced by the above six germplasms were higher in sesquiterpenoids and lower in chromones, The volatile components of six germplasms were quite different, except two components in common, namely butylated hydroxytoluene and 2,2'-methylenebis[6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl-phenol]. The number of sesquiterpenoids (10-26 kinds) and the total relative percentage content (25.39%-87.50%) were higher, and the main component was baimuxinal, among which A. sinensis ‘Haixiang 3’ had the highest amount and content. The quantity (1-3 species) and total relative percentage content (4.66%-37.32%) of chromones were low, mainly 2-(2-phenylethyl) chromones, among which A. sinensis ‘Haixiang 1’had the highest quantity and content, while A. sinensis ‘Haixiang 3’, Big leaf type and Nangpao type were not detected. The agarwood from A. sinensis ‘Haixiang 1’, A. sinensis ‘Haixiang 2’, A. sinensis ‘Haixiang 3’, Piyou type, had relatively rich aromatic components (baimuxinal,7α-H-9(10)-ene-11,12-epoxy-8-oxoeremophilane, karanone and so on). The agarwood produced by A. sinensis ‘Haixiang 2’, A. sinensis ‘Haixiang 3’, Piyou type and Nangpao type contained many sesquiterpenoids, such as agarospirol and (-) jinkoh-eremol. The content of benzylacetone in A. sinensis ‘Haixiang 1’, A. sinensis ‘Haixiang 2’ agarwood was high. 7α-H-9(10)-ene-11,12-epoxy-8-oxoeremophilane and 6,7-dimethoxy-2-(2-phenylethyl) chromone in the agarwood produced by A. sinensis ‘Haixiang 1’, A. sinensis ‘Haixiang 3’ and Big leaf type were high. The types and contents of volatile components of agarwood derived from the six different germplasms showed great difference, which could be developed according to the difference of active components.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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