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Five shading levels (0, 30%, 50%, 70% and 90%) were set up to analyze the biomass distribution patterns, the differences in mineral element composition characteristics and nutrient accumulation of Ficus hirta Vahl (FH). The average plasticity index of the biomass indicators of FH was 0.81. The proportion of stem biomass was less affected by shading, while fruit biomass and its proportion were significantly affected. 90% shading level inhibited fruit production, while the 50% shading level exhibited the highest fruit biomass proportion. Shading increased nitrogen and potassium content in FH, while decreasing calcium and phosphorus. The calcium-to- phosphorus ratio ranged from 1.65 to 6.32, with lower ratios in fruits and higher ratios in leaves. Among trace elements, iron content was most affected by shading. 70% and 90% shading levels led to a more than 65% reduction in iron content compared to the control. The iron content was most affected by shading. Under shading, the crude protein content in FH leaves and fruits ranged from 13.91% to 16.82% and 12.22% to 16.46%, respectively. The average content of crude fiber in leaves and fruits was 13.73% and 17.33%, respectively. The ether extract content in FH fruit planted in the full light was the highest, at 13.30%. Shading significantly reduced the content of flavonoids in leaves, stems, and fruits of FH, but the polyphenol content in the leaves and fruits reached its highest under 30% shading rate. In conclusion, The production mainly based on seed harvesting for seedling breeding is not suitable for high shading cultivation. 50% shading level can be used to improve the fruiting rate. Shading altered the accumulation and composition ratio of nutrient in different plant parts. When used as feed material, environmental impact and nutrient ratio adjustments should be considered in FH cultivation. 30% shading rate is better for FH planting when using its leaves as materials for beverage production.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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