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Bacillus subtilis Czk1 is a rhizosphere antagonist with a very broad-spectrum antagonistic, growth promotion and induction of plant resistance. In order to fully utilize organic nutrients in agricultural wastes and promote biological control of soil-borne plant diseases, Czk1 was used as the research object in this study, chicken manure as the base fertilizer, corn straw, mushroom bran and coconut bran compost were used as the raw materials, and the liquid-solid two-phase fermentation process was adopted. The total number of viable bacteria and the number of spores were determined by the dilution plate colony counting method. The formula, process parameters and culture conditions of Czk1 solid fermentation materials were determined by the single factor and orthogonal experiment method. The results showed that the optimal conditions for solid fermentation of Czk1 are raw material was mushroom bran and chicken manure compost with the inoculated weight of Czk1 at 10%, the added amount of soybean powder at 10%, the water content at 40%, the fermentation temperature at 37 ℃ and the turning once every 72 h. Under the conditions, the total number of viable bacteria in Czk1 strain could reach 8.63×108CFU/g. The number of spores was 8.37×108CFU/g. The best fermentation material was corn straw and chicken manure compost, Czk1 inoculation amount of 10%, adding 5% soybean powder, 40% water content, fermentation temperature of 37 ℃, turning once every 72 h, the total number of viable bacteria in Czk1 inoculation strain could reach 6.53×108CFU/g. The number of spores was 5.97×108CFU/g. The total number of viable bacteria and the number of spores of Czk1 strain could reach 8.70×108CFU/g and 6.90×108CFU/g, respectively, when 30% mushroom bran was added. The physical and chemical properties of four fermentation biological fertilizer raw materials were determined, and significant differences were observed in their organic matter content and carbon to nitrogen ratio. Among them, chicken manure had the highest pH, total phosphorus, and total potassium content, while the carbon to nitrogen ratio was the lowest. The total content of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium was higher than that of corn straw, coconut bran, and mushroom bran; Corn straw has the highest electrical conductivity and organic matter content as the raw material; Coconut bran has the highest total nitrogen content, while mushroom bran has the highest carbon to nitrogen ratio. The seed germination index of bio-organic fertilizer with different combinations of chicken manure, mushroom bran, corn straw, and coconut bran is greater than 80%. Therefore, high quality bioorganic fertilizer can be prepared from agricultural waste by selecting suitable fermentation production conditions. B. subtilis Czk1 has good development and utilization value.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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