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Gypsophila paniculata L. is one of the most popular and bestselling cut flowers in the world. Stem rot is among the common disease of G. paniculata L. causing plant withering and death in serious cases, affecting the ornamental and utilization value of the flowers and causing certain economic losses. In March 2021, a severe wilt due to stem rot was observed on G. paniculata L. in Haikou town, Kunming, Yunnan, China. The disease mainly affected the stem base which was manifested by rot on stem base and wilting. In order to identify the pathogenic microorganism, we isolated and identified the pathogen associated with the stem of G. paniculata L.. Koch’s postulates proved that the isolate caused similar symptom on tissue culture and potted seedlings of G. paniculata L., and the isolate had similar morphology with initially isolated from with the naturally infected seedlings in the field. Through morphological identification, the isolate produced a large number of dense aerial hyphae with color ranging from white to light orange or yellow with dark red pigment deposition on the back of the colony. The conidia of the isolate was sickle-shaped with flat ventral side, the dorsal side was arched, with three to six septation. The macroconidia was in the range (21.1-57.9)µm×(2.7-5.1)µm (n=100), no microconidia were observed. The morphology was similar to that of Fusarium pathogenic fungi. Through the identification of ITS gene sequence and morphology, the isolate was initially identified as F. graminearum species complex (FGSC). In order to further identify the subspecies, the TEF-1α sequence was used for sequencing. It was found that the isolate was 100% homologous with F. meridionale. Therefore, combined with morphological and molecular biological characteristics, the pathogen of the stem rot of G. paniculata L. was identified as F. meridionale. This is the first report on the stem rot of G. paniculata L. in China, which would provide an important basis for the prevention and control of the disease.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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