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Some soil in the coal mining area of Western Panzhihua has high Pb and Cd contents, and there are certain food safety risks in the development of the plantation. In this paper, we compared and analyzed the trends of Pb and Cd uptake in mango in the region before and after the application of three groups of organic amendment materials (mango grass straw, mushroom residue, mushroom residue+mango grass straw) through a large field experiment, and investigated the degradation of Pb and Cd in the mango in the region by different dosages of organic amendment materials and their influence effects on the quality of mango. Three groups of organic amendment materials improved the organic matter content and pH value of the soil, among which the fungus residue+mango straw group had the most significant effect (P<0.05), and the effect increased by 10.85%-25.66% and 3.55%-8.06%, respectively, compared with that of the control. All three groups of organic improvement materials had certain effects on reducing Pb and Cd content in mango. The effect of reducing Pb in mango was shown as mushroom residue+mango straw>mango straw>mushroom residue; the effect of reducing Cd in mango was shown as mushroom residue+mango straw>mushroom residue>mango straw; the effect of applying mushroom residue+mango straw was most significant, the reduction of Pb and Cd in mango for the mushroom residue+mango straw was 13.80%-27.87% and 6.32%-27.58%, respectively; there were some differences in the effect of different application amounts of organic amendment materials on degrading Pb and Cd in mango. Within the experimental interval, applying 8 kg/plant of mushroom residue+mangrove straw material could reduce Pb and Cd in mango by 27.87% and 27.58%, respectively, which was the best effect (P<0.05). The health risk evaluation showed that the HQi values produced by consumption of mango in each treatment group were less than one, and there was no health risk, so it could be safely consumed. In conclusion, applying 8 kg/plant of mushroom residue+mango grass straw in the experimental range can better inhibit the absorption of Pb and Cd in mango, effectively reducing the enrichment of Pb and Cd in mango. It can be used as an ideal material for the agronomic control of mango cultivation in the coal-mining area of western Panzhihua.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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