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Plant rhizosphere bacteria play a crucial role in plant nutrient uptake and utilization, and the active functional microbial communities in the rhizosphere are closely associated with high yield of crops. This study aimed to isolate, screen and identify functional bacteria from the rhizosphere soil of super high-yield rubber trees to identify beneficial strains that could potentially enhance rubber tree productivity. Using gradient dilution plating and selective medium, 60 strains of functional bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of super high yield rubber trees in Mengla Farm, Yunnan province. The isolated strains were characterized for the abilities to solubilize phosphate and potassium, fix nitrogen, and for the plant growth-promoting traits, including the production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), siderophores, ACC deaminase, and acetoin (3-hydroxy-2-butanone). 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that the isolates could be classified into 12 genera, including Burkholderia, Paraburkholderia, Caballeronia, Cupriavidus, Dyella, Pseudomonas, Silvania, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Raoultella, Pantoea and Bacillus. Among these, Burkholderia was the dominant genus, comprising 40 strains (66.67%). Pot experiments with rubber seedlings demonstrated that the strain Enterobacter sp. SYK24 exhibited significant growth-promoting effects, with increases in whole plant fresh weight, aboveground dry weight, belowground dry weight and root length by 12.89%, 23.24%, 22.81% and 28.30%, respectively, compared to the control. The SYK24 treatment showed 5.01% and 18.98% reductions in total phosphorus and available potassium, respectively, compared to the control, while no statistically significant differences were observed in other soil nutrient contents. The strain Burkholderia sp. SYN37 did not promote biomass growth in rubber seedlings during the experimental period. SYN37 inoculation substantially depleted soil nutrients, resulting in reductions of soil organic matter by 31.39%, total nitrogen by 22.73%, and available potassium by 13.03% compared to the control. This study preliminarily established a small-scale functional bacterial strain library from the rhizosphere of super high-yield rubber trees, validated the growth-promoting effects of two functional strains through pot experiments, and would provide a scientific basis for the further development and application of microbial inoculants specifically tailored for rubber trees.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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