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C. camphora (L.) Presl is the most effective plant for extracting natural borneol in China. In order to help determine its proper habitat, this research plans to select branches and leaves of C. camphora (L.) Presl from eight habitats in China according to its habits, natural borneol of the leaves and branches of C. camphora (L.) Presl were extracted by steam distillation. The relative content of the chemical components in the extract was determined by GC-MS. The bacteriostatic circle diameter of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Salmonella enteritidis subsp was measured by the paper method, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by 96 micro well plates. Chemical composition determination showed that the content of natural borneol extracted from the branches and leaves from different habitats was different, among them, d-borneol, camphor, d-limonene, eucalyptol, d-α-pinene, camphene, α-humulene and terpinen-4-ol were the common components, and the content of d-borneol was the highest, then camphor. The highest content of d-borneol was found from Yuan'an, Hubei, China (82.47%), and the lowest content was found from Ruyuan, Guangdong, China (41.63%). The natural borneol extracted from various habitats showed bacteriostatic effect on the three tested strains, and the diameter range of bacteriostatic ring was 14.60 to 27.95 mm, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranged from 250 to 1250 μg/mL, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranged from 0 to 1000 μg/mL. The natural borneol from Yuan'an and Jishui, Jiangxi had the best bacteriostatic effect, while that from Guangdong had the worst on the whole. In conclusion, the bacteriostatic activity of the extracts from the branches and leaves of C. camphora (L.) Presl is correlated with the content of its main components, and the habitat with the highest content of d-bornol has the best bacteriostatic effect, while the other has poor bacteriostatic effect. The data obtained in this research are accurate and reliable, and would provide a basis for the quality evaluation of the extracts of C. camphora (L.) Presl branches and leaves and the development of natural borneol resources.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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