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Species diversity is the most basic level of biodiversity, which not only reflects the richness of biological species, but also the spatial scope of species evolution and the ecological adaptability to specific environments. Structure is the basis for studying the historical dynamics of plants, and while understanding and clarifying the growth competition relationship between species, it reflects the trend of community succession. Based on the results of 62 plots with a total area of 3.72 hm2, the species diversity and structure of tree populations of Dagangshan were analyzed. There were 486 species of plants in the community, belonging to 286 genera of 120 families, of which single species accounted for 66.43% of the total, and China fir were in a dominant position in the community. Dagangshan is located in the subtropical region and has the nature of transition zone. The genus of seed plants included 13 distribution types, and 9 genera with endemic components in China. Shannon-Weiner index, Simpson index and Pielou index were basically the same in the distribution trend of each growth layer. The advantage of shrub layer was obvious. The herbaceous layer was slightly higher than the arbor layer. The overall species diversity index of the community was higher and the species were more abundant. By sample belt, the 2nd sample was the most abundant, and the 1st sample was slightly lower than the others. However, the community similarity was the highest in the 1st and 2nd belts, and the difference in species diversity indices in the 3rd and 4th samples was small, but the community differences were the largest.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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