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In order to explore the effects of different rainfall and stand types in the same area on vegetation diversity, three regions with large annual rainfall differences in Hainan were selected to conduct vegetation diversity control experiments with different stand types. The results showed that 61 species, 58 genera, 45 families were present in the natural forests, 39 species, 37 genera, 26 families were present in the Eucalyptus plantations, and the vegetation diversity of Mangifera indica plantations, Acacia mangium plantations and Hevea brasiliensis plantations was relatively low due to frequent artificial management. The effects of rainfall on species diversity index of natural forest were significant (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found in Eucalyptus plantation (P>0.05). The species richness index (R) of natural forest and Eucalyptus plantation increased gradually with the increase of rainfall. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H), Simpson diversity index (D) and Pielou evenness index (Jsw) of tree layer and shrub layer of natural forest decreased with the increase of rainfall, while the herbaceous layer did the opposite. Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson diversity index and Pielou evenness index of shrub layer and herb layer of Eucalyptus plantation increased with the increase of rainfall. The fluctuation of species diversity index was mainly in shrub layer and herb layer of natural forest and Eucalyptus plantation, and the change of tree layer was relatively stable. The rainfall and canopy shaded effect were the important reason for the differences in regional species diversity, compared with natural forest of Eucalyptus plantation tree layer the lack of ecological niche of the vegetation diversity was the main reason for the low and had nothing to do with the tree itself, specific provisions of other economic forest caused by frequent grass fertilizer management was relatively single species diversity. Therefore, the key to improve species diversity of the plantation is to establish a mixed or different-age forest to transform the existing pure forest to promote the release of the niche of the tree layer and change the management mode of other economic stands at the same time.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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