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Anoectochilus roburghii is a rare and endangered medicinal orchid with high economic value. High temperature is the primary limiting factor for its extensive production and cultivation. Breeding heat-resistant varieties is one of the most economical and effective measures to resist heat damage caused by high temperature. In this study, we analyzed the genetic diversity of 24 A. roburghii germplasm resources by Start codon targeted polymorphism (SCoT) molecular markers, and evaluated the heat tolerance of 20 samples by multivariate statistical analysis. The results of genetic diversity analysis showed that at the genetic coefficient was 0.602, A. roburghii germplasm could be divided into two groups: I and II, Group I was divided into two subgroups A and B, Anoectochilus formosanus was classifiedd into Group II alone. In subgroup A, except W from Yunnan, all the other resources were collected in the north and west of Fujian. Subgroup B mainly came from Southern Fujian and Guangxi. The cluster diagram showed that the relatives of A. roburghii from the same origin was close, and the presence or absence of reticulated veins was not the basis for the classification. Five physiological parameters were measured in the 20 samples. It was found that the chlorophyll content and SOD activity decreased obviously after heat treatment, and the relative conductance increased obviously, while the malondialdehyde and soluble protein contents of each resource were different after heat treatment. The preliminary evaluation of heat resistance was conducted by the multivariate statistical analysis method, and the results showed that four resources (TL, L1, A20, GZ1) were heat resistant, while five resources (TJ, HX, L, M, A21) were not.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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