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Rubber tree is an important economic tree species. In order to explore the reasonable amount of fertilization in rubber plantations, field experiments with different nitrogen fertilizer dosages were set up to clarify the nitrogen transportion characteristics of rubber plantations after mid- and late-stage fertilization. Four treatments were set up: ① blank control (CK), no fertilization; ② conventional fertilization (C, total fertilization 2 kg/plant, early stage∶middle stage∶late stage=5∶3∶2); ③ reduced fertilization (J, total fertilization 1.6 kg/plant, early stage : mid dle stage∶late stage=5∶3∶2), and the reduction of fertilization is equivalent to a 20% reduction in conventional fertilization; ④ simultaneous fertilization (T, total fertilization 1.6 kg/plant, early stage∶middle stage∶late stage=3∶3∶2). The results showed that the characteristics of soil nitrogen transportion in rubber plantations with different fer tilization treatments were different, mainly vertical transportion, and horizontal transportion fluctuated significantly within 5 cm, and there was no obvious change with the increase of horizontal distance. The ammonium nitrogen in the mid-term fertilization mainly transported to 40-60 cm, while the ammonium nitrogen in the later fertilization mainly stayed at 0-20 cm. The trend of inorganic nitrogen was consistent with that of ammonium nitrogen, the main form of soil inorganic nitrogen under different fertilization treatments was ammonium nitrogen. The transportation ability of both ammonium and nitrate nitrogen was reduced and the transportation to deep soil was reduced in the late fertilization. Therefore, adjusting the amount and time of fertilization is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in rubber plantations and reduce nitrogen loss.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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