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The invasive plant Mexican sunflower has strong allelopathy to weeds and could be used for weed control. However, the allelopathy of Mexican sunflower on Leptochloa chinensis has not been reported. In order to clarify the allelopathy of Mexican sunflower on L. chinensis and find the control technology of L. chinensis, the roots, stems and leaves of L. chinensis were extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water. The allelopathy of extracts on the germination and growth of seeds of Mexican sunflower and its effect on the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) were evaluated. GC-MS was used to identify the chemical constituents in the extract of Mexican sunflower. The results showed that the effect of extracts from different tissue parts on the germination rate of Mexican sunflower was in the order of leaf > stem > root. Ethyl acetate and absolute ethanol extracts from the roots, stems and leaves of Mexican sunflower had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of the seedlings. The ethyl acetate extract from the root, stem and leaf, and the absolute ethanol extract from the leaf and root could significantly inhibit the SOD activity; the absolute ethanol extract from the stem could obviously inhibit the CAT activity; the ethyl acetate extracts from stems and roots could significantly inhibit the POD activity. GC-MS detection showed that the extract of Mexican sunflower contained terpenoids, phenols, amides, esters and hydrocarbons, among which terpenoids (α-pinene and phytol) and phenols (2,5-diacetyl-6-hy droxybenzofuran) were higher. The results showed that the extracts from the roots, stems and leaves of Mexican sunflower had strong allelopathic effects on L. chinensis, α-pinene, phytol and 2,5-diacetyl-6-hydroxybenzofuran may be the potential active components of Mexican sunflower for allelopathy, which can be used for the control of L. chinensis.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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