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Exocarpium Citrus Grandis (ECG) is a medicinal plant of Citrus in Rutaceae. It is a medicine that has great effects. To distinguish the 'Zhengmao' and 'Non-zhengmao' germlplasms, 13ECG germplasms were selected, including 'Zhengmao' germplasms ('Dahe huangrong', 'Dahe miye', 'Pingding huangrong', 'Pingding miye', 'Pingding hongrou', 'Shanche zhengmao' and 'Shiwan zhengmao') and 'Non Zhengmao' germplasms ('Shanche fengwei', 'Shanche fumao', 'Shanche jiaxiyang', 'Shanche guangqing', 'Pingding jinqiandu', 'Pingding shishengli'). The botanical morphological traits were measured, active substances were analyzed, and molecular markers were carried by the ISSR and SRAP for distinguishing analysis. There were significant differences in length of leaf, leaf shape index, L*, a* and b*. The leaves of 'Zhengmao' germplasms were slenderer than those of 'Non-zhengmao', the whole leaf was whiter, greener and yellower. There were significant differences in fruit shape and the fruit shape index between 'Zhengmao' germplasms and 'Non-Zhengmao' germplasms. The content of rhubarb glycoside in most 'Zhengmao' germplasms was higher than that of 'Non-zhengmao' samples, except the 'Shanche fumao'. The content of alcohol soluble extract was also significantly different between the germplasms. The clustering results of ISSR and SRAP showed that when the genetic distance of the two molecular markers was 15 cM, the 13 germplasms could be divided into one 'Zhengmao' and three 'Non Zhengmao' groups. The correlation analysis between germplasm botany and medicinal components showed that, when P<0.05, only the fruit shape and fruit shape index were significantly correlated with the content of wild rhubarb glycoside and naringin, the water-soluble extract was significantly positively correlated with L*. To conclude, when combined with the three identification results, the molecular marker is the most reliable to distinguish the germplasm of ECG, the plant morphology (petal length, fruit shape and fruit shape index) or medicinal components (content of wild rhubarb glycoside and alcohol extract) can also distinguish these germplasm to a certain extent.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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