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The effects of soil compaction caused by the mechanical harvesting of sugarcane variety Guitang 42 on growth and the content of endogenous hormones of roots were studied. The results showed that at the seedling stage, the compaction of 0-50 cm soil layer in the planting row and in the inter-row space increased greatly in mechanically harvested plots compared to the manual harvesting (control), with the highest compaction occurring in the top 0-10 cm layer. There was no significant difference in the compactness of 0-30 cm soil layer in the planting row between mechanically and manually harvested plots, but the compactness of 30-50 cm layer in the inter-row space was significantly higher in the mechanically harvested plots than that in the control. Mechanical harvesting significantly reduced the plant growth rate, plant height, millable stalk number and cane yield by 42.0%, 19.4%, 26.1% and 36.9%, respectively, compared to the control. However, sucrose content in the mechanised crop increased by 1.40, 0.75 and 0.58 % compared with the control. There was no significant difference in plant height, stem diameter, millable stalk number and yield between RCC and control Rootmorphology, root dry weight and root length decreased by 9.12% and 10.72%, respectively, and total root surface area and total root volume significantly decreased, while there was no significant difference between mechanized compaction and control. The endogenous content of hormone IAA, GA3 and ZR and the levels in relation to that of ABA (IAA/ABA, GA3/ABA and ZR/ABA) in sugarcane roots grown in compacted soil decreased to varying degrees, compared to that of the control. The root ABA content significantly increased in compacted soil IAA, GA3, IAA/ABA and GA3/ABA were positively correlated with root dry weight, root length, plant height and millable stalk number, while ZR and ABA were negatively correlated. In conclusion, mechanical compaction significantly increased soil compactness of sugarcane field, and greatly decreased the growth and yield composition of sugarcane root system.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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