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Cymbidium sinensis is a typical fragrant orchid variety with high economic and ornamental value. HS-SPME/GC-MS was used to analyze the volatile components of different flower organs in C. sinensis. Seven categories and 54 volatile components were detected, mainly composed of 21 aldehydes, 12 alcohols, 10 ketones, 5 benzenes, 2 furans, 2 acids and 2 terpenoids. There were 48 compounds presented in four different flower organs, including petals, sepals, labellums, and pistil columns, including 19 aldehydes, 10 alcohols, 9 ketones, 5 benzenes, 2 terpenoids, 2 furans and caproic acid. There were three components in petals, sepals and pistil columns, only two components were detected in sepals, and Acrolein was only detected in pistil columns. The results showed that there were significant differences in the volatile matter and content in different floral organs of flowers. A total of 49 volatile substances were detected in sepals, with the highest content reaching 99 106.15 μg/L, accounting for 35.88% of the total volatile organic compounds. Among which the highest content was cyclopentyl formaldehyde, which had the camphor flavor of mint. 51 volatile compounds were detected in the petals, with a substance content of 56 571.48 μg/L, accounting for 20.48% of the total volatile organic compounds, with the highest content being 1-penten-3-ol, which had a fruity aroma. A total of 48 volatile substances were detected in the labellum flap, with the lowest substance content of 41 645.32 μg/L, the proportion of total volatile organic compounds was 15.08%, among which the highest content of volatile substance was cyclopentyl formaldehyde. A total of 51 volatile compounds were detected in the pistil column, with a content of 78 868.68 μg/L, accounting for 28.56% of the total volatile organic compounds, with the highest content being hexanal, which presented a fresh oil, green grass, and apple aroma. Through principal component analysis, it was found that among the four flower organs, there was little difference between the lip and petal, while the pistil column had a greater difference from other organs, and the sepals also had a greater difference from other organs. Glutaraldehyde, hexanal, E-2-pentenal, E-2-hexenal, cyclopentyl formaldehyde, E-2-heptaneal, 1-penten-3-ol, E-2-penten-1-ol were the main volatile components released by floral organs. During the peak flowering period, the sepals of the flowers were the main floral organs that released volatile components, and there were significant differences in the content of floral aroma components among different floral organs.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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